hip

Articulation for the hip joint is between the ____ and the ____

Head of femur & acetabulum

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Synovial ball & joint

How many degrees of freedom does the hip joint have?

3 degrees

Closed-chain for the hip is what moving on what? Which direction?

Pelvis (concave) → femur (convex); Same

Open-chain for the hip is what moving on what? Which direction?

Femur (convex) → pelvis (concave) ; Opposite

Flexion/Extension is within what plane and about which axis? Which movement?

Sagittal plane about frontal axis; Mostly spin

ABD/ADD is within what plane and about which axis? Which movement?

Frontal plane about sagittal axis; Mostly roll & glide

Medial Rotation/Lateral Rotation is within what plane and about which axis? Which movement?

Horizontal plane about vertical axis; Mostly roll & glide

Hip flexion ROM?

0-120

Hip extension ROM?

0-15

Hip ABD ROM?

0-45

Hip ADD ROM?

0-25

Hip medial rotation ROM?

0-45

Hip lateral rotation ROM?

0-45

Another name for the hemi-pelvis?

Innominate

What is the acetabular labrum made of?

Fibrocartilaginous

Describe the linea aspera

Prominent longitudinal crest/ridge along middle 1/3rd of posterior shaft of the humerus

What is important about the fovea of the humerus?

Small circulatory vessels enter the head of the femur through it

The medial and lateral condyles of the tibia are the concave or convex portions of the knee joint?

concave

What attachment connects to the tibial tuberosity?

Patellar tendon

What does the fibula bear?

Forces (not weight)

Define the angle of inclination

Angle between shaft & neck of femur in frontal plane

What is the typical angle of inclination for an adult?

125 degrees

What is the typical angle of inclination at birth? Why does it decrease in age?

150; Decrease in angle occurs with weight-bearing stresses over time

Define femoral torsion

Angle between shaft and neck of femur in horizontal plane

What is the typical degree of femoral torsion?

15 degrees

Define Coxa Valga and what does it cause the knee to do?

INCREASED angle of inclination past 135 degrees; Increases VARUS at the knee

Define Coxa Vara and what does it cause the knee to do?

DECREASED angle of inclination less than 120 degrees; Increases VALGUS at the knee

Define Retroversion; Which way does it cause the toes to point?

Femoral torsion degree LESS than 8 degree (femoral shaft EXTERNALLY rotated to the acetabulum) {Decreased IR < increased ER};

Toe-out gait

Define Anteversion; Which way does it cause the toes to point?

Femoral torsion degree MORE than 25 degree (femoral shaft INTERNALLY rotated to the acetabulum) {Increased IR > decreased ER};

Toe in gait

Where does the Ligamentum Teres attach? Contains?

Proximal: Both sides of the aceabular notch

Distal: Fovea;

Contains blood vessel to head of femur

Where does the joint capsule attach? Encases?

Proximal: Proximally to bony lip of acetabulum

Distal: Distally to neck of femur;

Encases: Most of femoral neck

Iliofemoral ligament reinforces which part of the joint capsule? Limits which movement?

Reinforces ANTERIOR capsule; Limits extension & resists forces that because anterior dislocation of femur

Pubofemoral ligament reinforces which part of the joint capsule? Limits which movement?

Reinforces INFERIOR capsule; Limits extension & ABD

Ischiofemoral ligament limits which movement?

Limits extension & medial rotation

Open-packed position for the hip?

30 flexion & 30 AB+ slight lat rot

Closed-packed position for the hip?

Full extension & medial rot

End-feel for hip flexion?

Soft

End-feel for every other hip movement besides flexion?

Firm

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

femoral artery and vein (then turns into the popliteal artery & vein)