Judaism: A People of Promise

Comprehensive review of the origins, history, laws, and sacred traditions of Judaism as presented in the lecture notes.

What are the three names for God mentioned in the notes?

Yahweh, Jehovah, and Eloheim

Who are the three Patriarchs of Judaism?

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (Israel)

How long were the Hebrew people slaves in Egypt?

$400$ years

Who was Abraham's oldest son, and who was his mother?

Ishmael, whose mother was Hagar

By what wife did Abraham have his second son, Isaac, at the age of $90$?

Sarah

Who were the twin sons of Isaac and Rebecca?

Esau and Jacob

How many sons did Jacob have, forming the tribes of Israel?

$$12$$

Which son of Isaac became the keeper of the covenant?

Jacob

What role did Joseph hold in Egypt that allowed him to save his family from starvation?

He was in Pharaoh's service and in charge of grain storage

What celebration commemorates the Angel of Death passing over the Hebrew people?

Passover

Which leader brought the Hebrew people out of slavery through the Red Sea?

Moses

What are the first five books of the Bible called in Judaism?

The Pentateuch or Torah

Where were the $10$ Commandments housed?

The Ark of the Covenant

In addition to the $10$ Commandments and dietary laws, approximately how many laws of conduct are there?

$600+$ laws

Which city is referred to as "David's City"?

Jerusalem

What is the Jewish day of rest observed on all Saturdays?

Sabbath

What is the meaning of the holy day Yom Kipper?

Day of Atonement

Which holy day celebrates the Jewish New Year?

Rosh Hashanah

What does the holiday Chanukah commemorate?

Rededication of the Temple

Who were the three kings of Ancient Israel in order?

Saul, David, and Solomon

What did the Northern Kingdom become known as after the nation split?

The Samaritans

What was the name of the Southern Kingdom centered around Jerusalem?

Judea

In what year did the Babylonian Conquest and exile occur?

$586$ BCE

During which period did the Jews develop the Synagogue?

During the Babylonian Exile

Which empire defeated the Babylonians and allowed the Jews to rebuild their temple?

The Persians

During the reign of which leader was the $2nd$ temple finished?

Herod the Great

In what year did the Romans destroy the temple?

$70$ AD

What is the term for the event where Jews were scattered around the world?

DIASPORA

In what year was the state of Israel re-established?

$$1948$$

What are the three core values of Judaism listed in the notes?

Life is Sacred, Law is Order, and Family is History