PSLE Science Revision: Themes and Processes

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the lecture notes on plant reproduction and the water cycle.

Anther

Part of a flower that produces and stores pollen grains.

Stigma

Part of a flower that receives pollen grains during pollination.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

Fertilisation

The process where the male reproductive cell fuses with the female reproductive cell.

Ovary

Protects the ovule and develops into fruit after fertilisation.

Seed Dispersal

The process of spreading seeds away from the parent plant to reduce competition.

Animal Pollination

Pollination facilitated by animals, such as insects and birds, attracted to brightly-coloured flowers.

Wind Pollination

Pollination that occurs when pollen is carried by the wind, usually involving small, dull flowers.

Life Cycle of Flowering Plants

Includes stages such as adult plant, pollination, fertilisation, seed dispersal, and germination.

Characteristics of Edible Fruit

Juicy, fragrant, or brightly coloured to attract animals for seed dispersal.

Heredity

The passing on of characteristics from parents to their offspring.

Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid; for ice, it's 0°C.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas; for water, it's 100°C.

Water Cycle

The process involving evaporation and condensation which recycles water on Earth.

Evaporation

The process where water gains heat, changes from liquid to gas, and becomes water vapour.

Condensation

The process where water vapour loses heat and changes back to liquid, forming droplets.

Cooling Effect of Evaporation

The process by which evaporation lowers the temperature of the surrounding air.

Freezing Point

The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid; for water, it's 0°C.

Seed Characteristics for Wind Dispersal

Small, light seeds with wing-like structures to facilitate wind travel.

Seed Characteristics for Water Dispersal

Seeds with waterproof outer layers or fibrous husks to float and be transported by water.

Explosive Seed Dispersal

Seeds that are shot out in different directions when the fruit walls split open.