Cellular Respiration Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering the four steps of cellular respiration, its chemical reaction, and key mitochondrial structures based on the lecture transcript.

Cellular Respiration Reaction

$$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6H_2O + 6CO_2 + 36\,\text{ATP} + \text{heat}$$

Glycolysis

A process occurring directly outside the mitochondria where glucose (a $6$ carbon molecule) is broken down into pyruvic acid, making $2\,\text{ATP}$.

Bridge Reaction

A transitional phase occurring upon entering the mitochondria that converts $2$ pyruvates into $2$ Acetyl CoA, producing $0\,\text{ATP}$.

Krebs Cycle

Also known as the Citric Acid Cycle; it involves refining molecules from the bridge reaction and "fixing" them using redox reactions in the mitochondrial matrix.

Krebs Cycle ATP Production

The cycle goes around $2\times$, creating one ATP each time for a total of $2\,\text{ATP}$.

Electron transport chain (ETC)

A stage that occurs in the folds of the membrane (mitochondria cristae) where electrons are pumped across the membrane to make between $32$-$-34\,\text{ATP}$.

Oxygen ($O_2$)

Acts as the final electron receptor in the Electron transport chain to form water.

ATP synthase

A rotor-like structure that spins as hydrogen ions come back through it, taking ADP and phosphates to attach them together to produce $32$-$-34\,\text{ATP}$.

Mitochondria cristae

The folds of the mitochondrial membrane where the electron transport chain takes place.

Relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Plants use sunlight to make glucose, which is then used in cellular respiration to produce $ATP$.