[MJ.04] Physician Licensure Exam and Post Graduate Medical Training and Medical Specialties V2.1.pdf

Presidential Decree No. 223 (PD 223)

What decree created the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)?

Office of the President

To what office is the PRC attached?

General supervision and regulation of all professions requiring examinations, including the practice of medicine

What is the primary purpose of the PRC?

1 Chairperson and 2 Commissioners

How many principal members compose the PRC?

Collegial body

How are the power and functions of the PRC exercised?

43

How many regulatory boards, including the Board of Medicine, does the PRC oversee?

Quasi-Judicial

What function of the PRC involves acting like a court in deciding Administrative Cases and investigating erring examinees or professionals?

15 days

After what period of appeal do PRC decisions become final and executory?

Quasi-Legislative

What function of the PRC involves formulating rules and regulations on professional regulation?

The effect and force of law

When published, what legal status do the PRC's rules and regulations have?

Executive

What function of the PRC involves administering, implementing, and enforcing regulatory policies and maintaining professional standards?

Responsibility and a privilege, not a right

How is the practice of being a doctor characterized in the context of the PRC's existence?

Supervising the practice of professionals in the Philippines

What is the primary charge of the Professional Regulation Commission?

Board of Medicine (BOM)

What body, composed of 6 members (one of whom is the chairman), is under the PRC?

President

Who appoints the members of the Board of Medicine?

Three (3) years

What is the term length for the positions held by the Board of Medicine members?

Physician Licensure Examination (PLE)

What examination is the Board of Medicine in charge of, serving as the final step before practicing medicine in the Philippines?

Maintain a high technical, efficient, ethical, moral, and professional standard for the practice of medicine

What duty does the PRC and the Board of Medicine have regarding the standards for medical practice?

Article 2, Section 24 of the Medical Act of 1959

What part of the Medical Act gives the PRC the power to reprimand, suspend, or revoke a registration certificate?

Moral or dishonorable conduct

Requesting unnecessary ancillary tests because a hospital sets a quota to secretly make money is a form of what violation that may be grounds for reprimand?

Public Act No. 310

What act created the Board of Medicine?

PRC

Under whose supervision is the Board of Medicine?

Chairman and Five other members (total six members)

How is the Board of Medicine composed?

Elected amongst the 6 members

How is the Chairman of the Board of Medicine chosen?

Executive Council of the Philippine Medical Association

The President forms a list of 12 names submitted by what entity when appointing BOM members?

Enforce the Medical Act

What is one of the BOM's core powers/duties related to the Medical Act?

Examine and register applicants (Physician Licensure Exam)

What power does the BOM have related to PLE applicants?

Promulgate rules and regulations for the proper practice of medicine

What legislative-like duty does the BOM possess?

Administer oath to physicians who qualify

What ceremonial duty does the BOM perform for new physicians?

Investigate violations of the medical laws and rules and regulations

What investigatory power does the BOM hold?

Suspend, revoke, or reissue Certificate of Registration

What disciplinary power does the BOM have over medical practitioners?

Conviction by a court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense involving moral turpitude

What kind of conviction is a ground for reprimand, suspension, or revocation of a registration certificate under Section 24?

Immoral or dishonorable conduct

Besides criminal conviction, what ethical behavior violation is a ground for suspension/revocation under Section 24?

Insanity

What mental health condition is a sufficient ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Fraud in the acquisition of the Certificate of Registration

What illegal activity during the licensing process is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Gross negligence, ignorance or incompetence in the practice of his or her profession resulting in an injury to or death of the patient

What professional failings resulting in patient harm are grounds for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Addiction to alcoholic beverages or to any habit forming drug rendering him or her incompetent, or to any form of gambling

What specific addictions/habits are grounds for disciplinary action under Section 24?

False or extravagant or unethical advertisements wherein other things than his name, profession, limitation of practice, clinic hours, office and home address, are mentioned

What kind of advertising is considered a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Performance of or aiding in any criminal abortion

What specific illegal medical procedure is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Knowingly issuing any false medical certificate

What kind of documentation fraud is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Issuing any statement or spreading any news or rumor which is derogatory to the character and reputation of another physician without justifiable motive

What form of defamation against colleagues is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Aiding or acting as a dummy of an unqualified or unregistered person to practice medicine

What is the term for assisting an unlicensed individual to practice medicine, which is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

Violation of any provision of the Code of Ethics as approved by the Philippine Medical Association

What general ethical violation is a ground for disciplinary action under Section 24?

If there is a risk to the physician's life

Under what condition is the refusal of a physician to attend a patient in danger of death not a sufficient ground for revocation or suspension?

Citizen of the Philippines or a citizen of any foreign country who has submitted competent and conclusive documentary evidence, confirmed by the DFA, showing that his country's existing laws permit citizens of the Philippines to practice medicine

What are the two basic citizenship statuses required for PLE candidates?

Moral turpitude

What term describes a crime that indicates a person’s poor moral character, such as murder, which disqualifies a candidate?

Medical degree holder

What academic status must a PLE candidate possess?

Completed internship

What training requirement must a PLE candidate satisfy?

Conclusive documentary evidence confirmed by the DFA that country's existing laws permit citizens of the Philippines to practice medicine

What must a foreign citizen applying for the PLE present regarding their country's laws?

Rule of Reciprocity

What is the name of the rule that allows foreigners to take the PLE and practice medicine in the Philippines, given that their home country’s laws also permit Filipino citizens to practice medicine in their country?

Current Philippine Passport, Identification Certificate recognizing him as a Philippine Citizen (Bureau of Immigration or Philippine Consulate), or Oath of Allegiance to the Philippines (Bureau of Immigration or Philippine Consulate)

List two additional documents a former Filipino citizen or dual citizen might present when applying for the PLE.

DFA

What agency must confirm the documentary evidence provided by a foreign citizen concerning the rule of reciprocity?

Yasuyuki Ota

Who was the Japanese national in the 2008 Board of Medicine case who sought a license to practice medicine in the Philippines?

Bicol Christian College of Medicine

From what institution did Yasuyuki Ota graduate with a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1991?

No genuine reciprocity can be found in the law of Japan as there is no Filipino or foreigner who can possibly practice there

What was the Board of Medicine’s initial belief when denying Ota’s license, which was later rejected by the Court?

The Court ruled to allow Yasuyuki Ota to practice medicine in the Philippines

What was the final ruling in the case Board of Medicine vs. Ota (2008)?

R.A. No. 2382

What legislation provides who may be candidates for the medical board examinations?

No

Does R.A. No. 2382 require a foreign applicant to show that the conditions for the practice of medicine in their country are practical and attainable by Filipinos?

Anatomy and Histology

Which foundational subject covering structures and tissue is included in the scope of the PLE?

Physiology

Which foundational subject covering bodily functions is included in the scope of the PLE?

Biochemistry

Which foundational subject covering chemical processes is included in the scope of the PLE?

Microbiology and Parasitology

Which subject covering microscopic life and parasites is included in the scope of the PLE?

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Which subject covering drugs and treatment methods is included in the scope of the PLE?

Pathology

Which subject covering the study of disease is included in the scope of the PLE?

Medicine

Which general clinical subject is included in the scope of the PLE?

Obstetrics-Gynecology

Which subject covering female reproductive health and childbirth is included in the scope of the PLE?

Pediatrics and Nutrition

Which subject covering children's health and dietary needs is included in the scope of the PLE?

Surgery and Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Rhinology

Which group of subjects covers surgical procedures and specialized senses in the PLE?

Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Which subject covers community wellness and disease avoidance in the PLE?

Legal Medicine, Ethics, and Medical Jurisprudence

Which subjects related to law, standards, and morality are included in the PLE scope?

75%

What is the required overall passing rate for the PLE?

50%

What is the minimum grade required in any subject to pass the PLE?

3rd Flunk

How many failed attempts require a PLE examinee to take a one-year refresher course?

1-year refresher course at a recognized medical college or school

What is required after a 3rd flunk on the PLE?

Hippocratic Oath and Administrative Oath (oath of professionalism)

What are the two oaths taken during the oathtaking ceremony?

Conferment Ceremonies

What event is a degree ceremony for those who have completed their doctoral degree?

The hat, the robe, and the diploma

What are the insignia associated with doctoral status received during Conferment Ceremonies?

Entitles a physician to practice medicine

What is the primary function of the Certificate of Registration (CoR)?

License to practice medicine

What is the CoR considered, separate from the professional ID card?

Ministerial act

Upon passing the PLE, what kind of act is it for the PRC to issue a Certificate of Registration, provided all requirements are met?

Function performed without the use of judgment by the person performing the act or duty

How is a ministerial act or duty defined?

Convicted by a court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense involving moral turpitude

What specific criminal conviction is a ground for refusing to issue a CoR (Sec. 20, Medical Act of 1959)?

Found guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct after investigation by the Board of Medicine

What ethical violation, determined by the BOM, is a ground for refusing to issue a CoR?

Declared to be of unsound mind

What mental status is a ground for refusing to issue a CoR?

21 years old

What is the minimum age required for a successful PLE examinee to be issued a Certificate of Registration?

May take the PLE, but will not be issued a Certificate of Registration until age 21

What is the status of a successful PLE candidate who is below 21 years old?

Board of Medical Examiners (BOM)

What body issues the Certificate of Registration?

Doctor of Medicine diploma

What academic proof is required to get a CoR?

NSO/PSA birth certificate

What document is required to prove identity and citizenship for CoR issuance?

Transcript of records

What detailed academic record is required for CoR issuance?

Certificate of post graduate internship

What training certificate is required for CoR issuance?

NMAT score

What standardized test score is required for CoR issuance?

Resolution by the BOM and PRC allowing them to take the PLE

What specific document must foreigners provide, along with DFA confirmation, for their application?

Current Philippine passport, Identification Certificate from the Bureau of Immigration, or Certificate of Oath of Allegiance

List one of the additional documents required for dual citizens or former Filipino citizens applying for CoR.

Oath form, Copy of notice of admission, Passport-sized photos (2 pieces), Documentary stamps (2 sets), Short brown envelope

List two documents required when processing the Notice of Admission into the Medical Board after passing the PLE.

Roster of Registered Professionals

Where must a new doctor make a personal registration following the oath taking?

Special temporary permit

What document is issued by the PRC and BOM to allow certain physicians to practice even without a Certificate of Registration?

Foreign consultants/members of international bodies, Commissioned medical officer of the Armed Forces of the United States, Foreign physicians as exchange professors, Foreign physicians engaged in humanitarian missions, Medical students and graduates in times of epidemics or natural emergencies

List three types of practitioners who may be issued a special temporary permit.

Fatima College of Medicine

From which institution were the 79 examinees whose registration was withheld in the case PRC vs. De Guzman (2004)?

Biochemistry and Obstetrics and Gynecology

In which two subjects did the Fatima examinees achieve exceptionally high and clustered scores that prompted investigation?