[PCOG-LEC-FIN-02-PT6] PEPTIDE HORMONES & THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

THIS FLASHCARDS IS ABOUT [PCOG] PITUITARY GLAND (ANTERIOR) PT1.

Anterior Pituitary Gland

This pituitary gland exerts influence on the growth and development of the body and its sex characteristics through its stimulation action on other endocrine glands.

• Master Gland

• Conductor of Endocrine Symphony

Anterior Pituitary Gland is also known as the (2)?

Hint: Mas-Con

• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

• Gonadotropic hormones

• Growth hormone

• Thyrotropin

What are the (4) Hormones of Anterior Pituitary Gland?

Hint: AGGT

• Follicle-stimulating hormone

• Luteinizing hormone

What are the (2) Hormones under Gonadotropic Hormones?

Hint: Fo-Lu

Info

When it has the letters “RH”, it came from the hypothalamus.

Info

When it has the letters “SH”, usually it came from the pituitary gland.

1. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

2. Adrenocorticotropic hormone

3. Adrenal cortex (zona fasciculata)

4. Glucocorticoid

• The (1)_______________ (CRH) will stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to release (2)________ hormone.

• The ACTH will stimulate the target organ, (3)_____ cortex (zona fasciculata) to produce the target organ hormone, (4)__________.

1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

2. FSH and LH

3. Ovaries

4. Testis

5. Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone

• The (1)____________ (GnRH) will stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to release gonadotropic hormones: (2)____ and ____.

• The FSH and LH will stimulate the gonads, (3)_____ (female) and (4)_____ (testis) to produce the target organ hormones, (5)____,____,____.

1. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

2. Somatotropin

3. Liver

4. Somatomedins

• The (1)______________ (GHRH) will stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to produce the growth hormone (2)________.

• The somatotropin (growth hormone) will stimulate the (3)_____ to produce the target organ hormone, (4)_______.

Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone

The __________ (GHIH) will stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to stop producing somatotropin (growth hormone).

1. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

2. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

3. Thyroid gland

4. T4 + T3

• The (1)__________ (TRH) will stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to produce (2)_____________ (TSH).

• The TSH will stimulate the target organ, (3)_____ gland to produce (4)____ + ____.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

This anterior pituitary gland is a straight chain polypeptide containing 39 amino acid residues with tropic effects involve primarily glucocorticoids.

1. 39 amino acid residues

2. Glucocorticoids

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is a straight chain polypeptide containing (1)___ amino acid residues with tropic effects involve primarily (2)________.

Cortisol

Function of Adrenocorticotropin Hormone:

Regulate levels of steroid hormone called?

Rheumatoid arthritis and fever

Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) is used for (2)?

Hint: Arthritis and Fever

Cosyntropin

What is the prescription product of Adrenocorticotropin Hormone?

Cosyntropin

This is synthetically prepared peptide subunit of corticotropin that contains 24 amino acid residues.

1. Peptide subunit of corticotropin

2. 24 amino acid residues

Cosyntropin is a synthetically prepared peptide subunit of (1)_____ that contains (2)__ amino acid residues.

Allergic reactions

The advantage of cosyntropin over ACTH is that it has lesser risk of?

Cosyntropin

This is used as a diagnostic aid in suspected adrenal insufficiency.

Adrenal insufficiency

Cosyntropin is used as a diagnostic aid in suspected _____ insufficiency.

Follicle-stimulating hormone

This gonadotropic hormones (anterior pituitary gland) is for the maturation of the ovarian follicles in females and of the seminiferous tubules of the testes in males.

Follitropin

FSH is also known as?

1. Ovarian follicles

2. Seminiferous tubules of the testes

Follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) or also known as follitropin is used for the maturation of the (1)_____ follicles in females and of the (2)__________ of the testes in males.

Estrogen

This hormone is essential for the menstrual cycle; produced by the FSH.

Luteinizing Hormone

This gonadotropic hormones (anterior pituitary gland) is essential for causing ovulation and for the development and maintenance of the corpus luteum in the ovary.

1. Ovulation

2. Corpus luteum

LH is essential for causing (1)_____ and for the development and maintenance of the (2)_____ luteum.

Leydig cells

In males, LH is active in the development of _____ cells of the testes.

Info

LH is also in charge in the regulation of menstrual cycle and the egg production along with the FSH.