Muscles of the Human Body: Origin, Insertion, and Action

Flashcards covering the origins, insertions, and actions of major muscle groups in the human body as described in the lecture transcript.

The action of the __________ belly is to raise the eyebrows.

Frontal

While the origin of the frontal belly is the epicranial optic neuroneurosis, the origin of the __________ belly is the temporal and the occipital bone.

Occipital

The __________ originates at the frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around the orbit, and its action is to blink, wink, and squint.

Orbicularis oculi

Both the zygomatic major and zygomatic minor have their origin in the __________ bone.

Zygomatic

The __________ muscle originates at the temporal fossa and inserts at the coracoid process of the mandible to elevate and retract the mandible.

Temporalis

The __________ originates at the zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone and inserts at the ankle and the ramus of the mandible.

Masseter

Side to side movement of the mandible is produced by the __________ and the medial paragoid.

Lateral paragoid

The __________ originates from the fascia of the masseter muscle and pulls the lips laterally.

Risorius

The action of the __________ is to pursuer the lip or pucker.

Orbicularis oris

The __________ originates at the mandible below the incisors and inserts into the skin of the chin to depress the median lower lip (pouting).

Mentalis

The __________ originates from the molar region of the maxilla and the mandible and acts to tighten the cheek.

Buccinator

The __________ originates at the lower margin of the mandible and mastoid process and elevate the hyoid bone and depress the mandible.

Digastric

The __________ originates in the fascia of the chest and acts to depress the mandible and pull the lower lip back and down.

Platysma

The __________ originates at the ligamentum, nuclei, and spinosis process and extends the head and neck.

Splenius

The origin of the __________ is the manubrium of the sternum and the medial portion of the clavicle.

Sternocleidomastoid

The __________ originates at the pubic synthesis and inserts into the xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs five, six, and seven.

Rectus abdominis

The __________ originates at the lower eight ribs and acts to flex or rotate the torso.

External obliques

The action of the __________ is to compress the abdominal continents.

Transverse abdominis

The __________ originates at the lower six coastal cartilage, the xiphoid process, and lumbar one through lumbar five vertebrae.

Diaphragm

The __________ act in force inhalation by originating at the inferior border of the rib above and inserting at the superior border of the rib below.

External intercostals

The __________ is a torso extensor originating at the iliac crest and transverse processes of lumbar, thoracic, and cervical vertebrae.

Erector spinae

The __________ originates at the inferior angle of the scapula, thoracolumbar optoneurosis, sacrum, and thoracic seven through lumbar five.

Latissimus dorsi

The action of the __________ is the abduction of the humerus, and it originates at the supraspinatus fossa.

Supraspinatus

The __________ originates along the spine of the scapula and inserts at the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

Deltoid

The __________ originates in the subscapular fossa and pulls the humerus medially.

Subscapularis

The __________ and teres minor both act as lateral arm rotators and insert at the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Infraspinatus

The __________ originates at the occipital bone and thoracic vertebrae and acts to elevate, retract, and depress the scapula.

Trapezius

The __________ originates at the transverse process of $C1$ to $C4$ and elevates the scapula.

Levator scapulae

The __________ and serratus anterior both act in medial rotation and protraction of the scapula and arm.

Pectoralis minor

Retraction of the scapula is the action of the __________ minor and major.

Rhomboids

Forearm flexion is the action of the brachioradialis, brachialis, and the __________.

Biceps brachii

The __________ originates at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into the lateral side of the ocranon.

Anconeus

The __________ head of the tricep brachii originates at the inferior margin of the glenoid cavity.

Long

The __________ originates at the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and extends and abducts the hand.

Extensor carpi radialis longus

The origin of the __________ is the medial epicondyle, ocranon, and surface of the ulna.

Flexor carpi ulnarius

The __________ originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into the palmar aponeurosis

Palmaris longus

The action of the __________ is to pronate the forearm.

Pronator teres

The __________ originates at the pectineal line of the pubis and superior pubic ramus.

Pectineus

The __________ and gluteus medius both act to abduct the thigh.

Tensor fascia latae

The __________ originates at the anterior superior iliac spine and flexes the thigh.

Sartorius

The __________ originates at the transverse process of thoracic $12$ and lumbar vertebrae and flexes the thigh.

Psoas major

The three muscles that flex the leg and extend the thigh are the semitendinosus, semimembranurosis, and the __________.

Bicep femoralis

The __________ originates at the anterior inferior iliac spine and the superior margin of the acetabulum and extends the leg.

Rectus femoralis

The __________ and gastrocnemius both insert into the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon.

Soleus

The __________ originates at the middle portion of the fibula shaft and flexes the big toe.

Flexor hallicus longus

The origin of the __________ is the lateral condyle and upper tibia and the interosseous membrane, and its action is dorsiflexion.

Tibialis anterior