Physics Final Exam

Scalar

a quantity with magnitude only

Vector

a quantity with magnitude and direction

Acceleration

rate of change in velocity

Acceleration Due to Gravity

-9.8 m/s²

1-Dimensional Motion

motion of an object in just the x- or the y-direction

2-Dimensional Motion

motion of a projectile

Parabolic Path

the shape of a projectile’s path

Inertia

the tendency of an object to resist a change to its state of motion

Normal Force

force perpendicular to a surface that is a result of a surface

Net Force

the total force acting on an object

Force of Friction

force parallel to a surface that opposes an object’s motion

Theory of Universal Gravitation

Gravitation all objects that have mass exert a gravitational force

Universal Gravitational Constant

6.67 x 10^-11Nm²/kg²

Impulse

a force exerted over a period of time

Momentum

an object that has mass and is in motion

Isolated System

no external forces acting

Conservation of Momentum

the total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after a collision

Elastic Collision

two objects collide and bounce off of each other

Inelastic Collision

two objects collide and stick together

Gravitational Potential Energy

energy that results from an object’s position and mass

Kinetic Energy

energy that results from an object’s motion and mass

Spring Potential Energy

energy that results from the compression or stretching of an elastic object

Spring Constant

k, numerical value that describes a spring

Total Mechanical Energy

total energy in a system