adaption and mutation review guide

natural selection

Natural selection is the primary mechanism of evolution. It is the process by which organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass those advantageous genes on to the next generation, causing the species to change over time.

adaption

Adaptation is the act or process of changing to better suit new conditions or environment

camouflage

camouflage is a disguise or concealing tactic that allows an animal or object to blend into its surroundings making it difficult or impossible to see

environmental changes

environmental change refers to any alterations or disturbance to the natural environment or an ecosystem

population

population is the total number of individual organisms or subjects occupying a specific area or sharing a common characteristics at a given time.

traits

to distinguish a quality or characteristic especially one belonging to a person

hereditary mutation

it is a genetic change passed down from parent to child.

acquired mutation

a genetic change that occurs in a cell´s DNA at some point after birth

whole chromosome mutation

is a type of genetic alteration where an organism gains or loses one or more complete chromosomes resulting in an abnormal total chromosome count

gene mutation

a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene

substitution mutation

is a type of genetic alteration where one nucleotide based in a DNA sequence is replaced by a different nucleotide base

insertion mutaition

it is a type of genetic alteration in which one or more extra nucleotide base pairs are added into the DNA sequence

deletion mutation

a type of genetic alteration where one or more nucleotides are removed from a DNA sequence

artificial selection

the process by which humans intentionally choose specific plants or animals with desirable traits and breed them to enhance those characteristics in future generations

genetic engineering

the direct artificial the alteration of an organism´s DNA using biotechnology

genetically modified organisms

is any plant animal or microorganism who´s genetic material DNA has been altered using laboatory - based genetic engineering techniques

gene therapy

an experimental technique that modifies a persons genes to treat and prevent or cure diseases