Language Arts and Reading Subject Area - Competency 1

Emergent Literacy

Skills, knowledge, and attitude that are developmental precursors to conventional forms of reading and writing.

Terms related to emergent literacy

Oral language development, phonics, phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge, concepts of print, voice- to print matching

Informal Assessment Instruments

Concepts of print, checklists, rubrics, games, surveys, portfolios

Five major components of reading

phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary development, reading fluency, and reading comprehension

Phonemic Awareness

The ability to hear and manipulate the sounds of a spoken language

Phonics

Understanding the relationship between the written language of the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language

Fluency

Rate, accuracy, automaticity, prosody

Vocabulary

All words a student can understand and use.

Comprehension

Ability to understand what one has read.

Pre-alphabetic

First stage of early literacy development- Instead of using letters and sounds to decode words, they rely heavily on visual cues, context, or visual shapes to "read" familiar logos, signs, and words

Partial-Alphabetic

children learn the alphabet and begin to make connections between letters and sounds.

Full- Alphabetic

a reader systematically connects letters to their sounds to decode and read words

Graphophonemic

this phase, students learn to sound out and decode unfamiliar words rather than guessing them from context.

Morpheme

a unit of meaning within a word

Critical Thinking Strategies

Making connections, predictions, questioning, summarizing, chunking

Accuracy

correctly read the words in a text

Automaticity

Ability to instantly recognize a large bank of words and to quickly decode unfamiliar words

Rate

speed of reading

Prosody

Ability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and expression

Reading comprehension

Recognizing the main idea, finding supporting details and facts, determining the authors purpose, distinguishing between fact and opinion, point of view, making inferences, visiualizing, drawing conclusions or summarizing

Skills to facilitate reading comprehension

activiating prior knowledge, self-monitoring, questioning, using graphic and semantic organizers, vocabulary, think alouds, recognizing story structure,

Nonfiction text features

title, chart, table of contents, headings, subheadings, bold and italizied words, illustrations, photographs, labeled diagrams, charts, graphs,