Cell Division and the Cell Cycle

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell division, the cell cycle, phases of mitosis, and cytokinesis.

What is the significance of cell division in unicellular organisms?

In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism.

What role does cell division play in multicellular organisms?

In multicellular organisms, cell division is essential for reproduction, growth, development, and tissue renewal.

What are the two major phases of the cell cycle?

The two major phases of the cell cycle are the Mitotic (M) phase and Interphase.

What happens during the G1 phase of Interphase?

During the G1 phase, the cell is biochemically active and prepares for DNA synthesis.

What occurs during the S phase of Interphase?

During the S phase, DNA, histones, and centrosomes are replicated.

What is the function of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?

In the G2 phase, organelles replicate, energy is replenished, and the cytoskeleton begins to break down.

What is the role of the mitotic spindle?

The mitotic spindle is composed of microtubules and proteins that separate chromatids during mitosis.

What are the main phases of mitosis?

The main phases of mitosis are Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

How does cytokinesis occur in animal cells?

Cytokinesis in animal cells occurs by cleavage, forming a cleavage furrow.

How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells?

In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs by forming a cell plate.

What are the three key checkpoints in the cell cycle?

The three key checkpoints are the G1/S checkpoint, G2/M checkpoint, and the Mitotic spindle checkpoint.

What happens if a checkpoint is inactivated?

If a checkpoint is inactivated, the cell cycle is allowed to proceed to the next phase.