Transfer of skills

What is transfer?

the influence of one skill on another. This can be an influence from a previously learnt skill on a new skill or vice versa, and can be a help or a hinderance to performance.

What is negative transfer?

one skill hinders another.

What is positive transfer?

one skill helps another.

What is proactive transfer?

a previously learnt skill has an impact on a newly learnt skill.

What is a retroactive transfer?

a newly learnt skill has an impact of a previously learnt skill.

What is bilateral transfer?

being able to do the skill with both sides of the body.

What is zero transfer?

there are no transferable elements between previously learned skills and the new one about to be learned.

What are reasons for negative transfer?

The performer is confused or misunderstood how to perform the skill

The practice conditions are not the same as the game situation so performing the skill in the game situation is not as successful

How to limit negative transfer?

Make the practices game related and realistic

Explain or point out similarities between skills or tactics

Teach similar skills together

Use positive reinforcement and praise when positive transfer occurs

Build the subroutines of a skill progressively; give clear demonstrations

Teach fundamental skills first and ensure they are well learned