CH-003: CHAPTERS 1 & 2

1 in = ? cm

1 in = 2.54 cm

1 m = ? cm

1 m = 100 cm

1 km = ? m

1 km = 1000 m

1 mi = ? ft

1 mi = 5280 ft

1 lb = ? oz

1 lb = 16 oz

1 kg = ? lb

1 kg = 2.21 lb

1 kg = ? g

1 kg = 1000 g

1 g = ? mg

1 g = 1000 mg

1 gal = ? qt

1 gal = 4 qt

1 L = ? mL

1 L = 1000 mL

1 L = ? qt

1 L = 1.06 qt

1 cm³ = ? mL

1 cm³ = 1 mL

If density is the measurement of the compactedness of the matter, what is the equation for density?

density = mass / volume

What is the value of the prefix “kilo”?

k = 10³ or 1000

What is the value of the prefix “centi”?

c = 10^-2 or 0.01 (hundredths place)

What is the value of the prefix “milli”?

m = 10^-3 or 0.001 (thousandths place)

What is the equation for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Tf = 1.8(Tc) + 32

What is the equation for converting Celsius to Kelvin?

Tk = Tc + 273

What is the difference between a law and a theory?

Laws are consistent observations whereas theories explain a process

What is the difference between a quantitative and qualitative observation?

Quantitative is measured by numbers whereas qualitative is measured without numbers, rather describing the quality of an object.

What is the difference between precision and accuracy?

Precision is how consistent the measurement is and accuracy is how close the measured value is to the actual value.

What is the difference between exact equivalents and unit factors?

Exact equivalents are conversions within the same unit system (exact) (EX: metric → metric) whereas unit factors are conversions within different unit systems (EX: english → metric)

When multiplying/dividing measurements, what determines the number of significant figures in the answer?

The answer is determined by whichever starting number had the LEAST amount of significant figures.

When adding/subtracting measurements, what determines the number of significant figures in the answer?

The answer is determined by the number with the least amount of DECIMAL PLACES within the starting numbers; the least precise number initially.

What four types of figures/digits are significant?

1. All Nonzero numbers (EX: 2.54 ← 3 sig figs)

2. All Captive zeros (EX: 2051 ← 4 sig figs)

3. Includes decimal AND comes after nonzero number (EX: 21.00 ← 4 sig figs)

4. All of the first number in scientific notation (EX: 2.21 × 10³ ← 3 sig figs)

What two types of figures/digits are insignificant?

1. Numbers before a nonzero number (EX: 0.012 ← 2 sig figs)

2. Numbers without a decimal AND after a nonzero number (trailing zeros) (EX: 500 ← 1 sig fig)