Science and Circuits Lecture Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering basic circuit physics, Ohm's law, energy trends, and biological homeostasis.

Ohm's Law

The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance, represented by the formula $V = IR$.

Series Circuit

A circuit arrangement where components are connected in a single path, requiring measurement and comparison of voltage and current at different points.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit arrangement where components are connected along multiple paths, requiring measurement and comparison of voltage and current at different points.

Homeostasis

The process of maintaining stable internal conditions, such as temperature, pH, and hormone levels, which is essential for survival.

Negative Feedback Loop

A regulatory mechanism in the body that works to maintain stability in processes such as thermoregulation.

Positive Feedback Loop

A regulatory mechanism that accelerates or enhances body processes, such as blood clotting.

Nervous System

One of the systems responsible for coordinating body responses to stimuli; it provides a different response time and method compared to the endocrine system.

Endocrine System

A system that coordinates responses to stimuli through the use of hormones; compared and contrasted with the nervous system.

Thermoregulation

A specific body process regulated by negative feedback loops to maintain stable internal temperature.

Alternative Sources of Energy

Energy options developed to optimize current energy use and address future demands at state, national, and global levels.

Voltage

Represented by the symbol $V$ in Ohm's Law ($V = IR$), it is measured and compared at different points in a circuit.

Current

Represented by the symbol $I$ in Ohm's Law ($V = IR$), it is the flow of charge measured in series and parallel circuits.

Resistance

Represented by the symbol $R$ in Ohm's Law ($V = IR$), it is a component investigated to determine relationships within a circuit.

Stimuli

Internal or external changes, such as exercise, that trigger observable responses like changes in heart rate.