world history semester 2- Cold war and CGI
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59 Terms
What is capitalism?
An economic system where people and businesses own property and make profits.
What are 'hotspots' in the Cold War?
Areas of conflict between communist and democratic countries.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance of communist countries led by the Soviet Union.
What is the United Nations?
An organization created to keep peace and cooperation between countries.
What is a communist economy?
An economy where the government controls businesses and resources.
What was the Berlin Wall?
A wall dividing East and West Berlin from 1961–1989.
What is NATO?
A military alliance of democratic countries formed after WWII.
What was the 'Iron Curtain'?
The division between communist Eastern Europe and democratic Western Europe.
What was the Berlin Airlift?
A mission where Western countries flew supplies into West Berlin.
Which world powers used a communist economy after WWII?
The Soviet Union and China.
How does a communist economy work?
The government controls production and distribution of goods.
Which two countries were involved in the Cold War?
The United States and the Soviet Union.
Why did the fall of the Soviet Union mark the end of the Cold War?
Because the main communist superpower collapsed.
Why did China become communist after WWII?
The communists won the Chinese Civil War.
How did the Soviet Union maintain control over its allies?
Through military force and influence.
Why were the Soviet Union and the U.S. hesitant to become directly involved during the Cold War?
Because of the fear of nuclear war.
What is the 'Iron Curtain'?
The boundary separating communist Eastern Europe from democratic Western Europe.
What were the 'hotspots' during the Cold War?
Places like Korea, Vietnam, and Cuba where conflicts happened.
Who was most affected by the Soviet Union after 1945?
Eastern European countries.
What was symbolic about the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?
It symbolized the end of communism in Eastern Europe.
Which nations became communist following WWII?
China, North Korea, Cuba, and Eastern European nations.
Who was Cuba allied with after WWII?
The Soviet Union.
What role has the United Nations played since 1945?
Promoting peace, aid, and cooperation between countries.
Who has Cuba allied with since 1945?
The Soviet Union and communist countries.
What is globalization?
The increased connection of economies, cultures, and countries.
What are natural resources?
Materials from nature used by humans.
What was the Cultural Revolution?
Mao Zedong’s effort to strengthen communism in China.
What is civil disobedience?
Peacefully refusing to obey unfair laws.
What is decolonization?
When colonies gain independence.
What is a renewable resource?
A resource that can be replaced naturally.
What is OPEC?
A group of oil-producing countries that influence oil prices.
What was the Great Leap Forward?
Mao’s plan to industrialize China quickly.
Who was Nelson Mandela?
A South African leader who fought against apartheid.
What is deforestation?
The cutting down of forests.
What is apartheid?
A system of racial segregation in South Africa.
Who was Mao Zedong?
The communist leader of China.
Who was Gandhi?
An Indian leader who used peaceful protest for independence.
What was Partition?
The division of India and Pakistan in 1947.
From which country did India gain independence?
Britain.
Which world leader preached civil disobedience?
Gandhi.
What was the purpose of the Great Leap Forward?
To industrialize China and increase food production.
Why have many Latin American governments struggled since independence?
Poverty, corruption, and political instability.
When was Israel created?
1947.
What is the main dispute in the Arab-Israeli conflict?
Who controls land in the Middle East, especially Palestine.
What motivates the Arab-Israeli dispute?
Religion, land, and nationalism.
Why was India partitioned in 1947?
To separate Hindus and Muslims into India and Pakistan.
What is the major economic concern in the Middle East?
Oil and natural resources.
What is OPEC and what role does it play in the world?
A group of oil-producing nations that control oil production and prices.
Where is Darfur?
A region in Sudan.
What happened in Rwanda in 1994?
A genocide where about 800,000 people were killed.
How are Darfur and Rwanda related?
Both involved ethnic violence and genocide.
How are Darfur and Rwanda different?
They happened in different countries and involved different groups.
What is apartheid and what was Nelson Mandela’s role in ending it?
A system of racial segregation; Mandela helped end it and became South Africa’s president.
What is globalization and how has it affected China?
Global trade and connections helped China’s economy grow.
What population issues do India and China have?
Overpopulation and limited resources.
What has been done to solve population issues in India and China?
China had the one-child policy; India promoted family planning.
How has the world population changed?
It has grown rapidly.
How will the world population change in the future?
It is expected to continue growing.
What factors caused world population growth?
Better medicine, food supply, and sanitation.