PAGE 20 — pH, Acids, Bases & PAGE 21 — Strong/Weak Acids & Salts
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50 Terms
What does the pH scale measure?
The acidity or basicity of a solution.
What is the pH range?
0 to 14.
What pH values are acidic?
Below 7.
What pH value is neutral?
7.
What pH values are basic?
Above 7.
What ion increases in acidic solutions?
H⁺ (hydrogen ions).
What ion increases in basic solutions?
OH⁻ (hydroxide ions).
What happens to acidity as pH decreases?
Acidity increases.
What happens to basicity as pH increases?
Basicity increases.
How much does concentration change per pH unit?
Each pH unit is a 10× change.
Is a pH of 3 or 5 more acidic?
pH 3 (100× more acidic than pH 5).
Is a pH of 9 or 11 more basic?
pH 11.
What is the pH of pure water?
7 (neutral).
What type of solution has more H⁺ ions?
Acidic solutions.
What type of solution has more OH⁻ ions?
Basic solutions.
What is an acid?
A substance that releases H⁺ ions in water.
What is a base?
A substance that releases OH⁻ ions in water.
Do acids donate or accept protons?
Donate protons (H⁺).
Do bases donate or accept protons?
Accept protons (H⁺).
What ion increases in acidic solutions?
H⁺.
What ion increases in basic solutions?
OH⁻.
What pH range is acidic?
Below 7.
What pH value is neutral?
7.
What pH range is basic?
Above 7.
What happens to acidity as pH decreases?
Acidity increases.
What happens to basicity as pH increases?
Basicity increases.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that fully dissociates in water.
What is a weak acid?
An acid that partially dissociates.
What is a strong base?
A base that fully dissociates in water.
What is a weak base?
A base that partially dissociates.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that fully dissociates in water.
What is a weak acid?
An acid that partially dissociates in water.
What is a strong base?
A base that fully dissociates in water.
What is a weak base?
A base that partially dissociates in water.
Do strong acids produce more ions than weak acids?
Yes
Do strong bases produce more ions than weak bases?
Yes
Which conducts electricity better: strong or weak acids?
Strong acids (more ions).
Does strength refer to concentration or dissociation?
Dissociation (how completely it ionizes)
What is a salt?
An ionic compound formed from a cation and an anion.
How are salts formed?
By the reaction of an acid and a base.
What is a neutralization reaction?
A reaction where an acid and a base form water and a salt.
What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
Water and a salt.
What ion do acids provide in neutralization?
H⁺ (hydrogen ion).
What ion do bases provide in neutralization?
OH⁻ (hydroxide ion).
What forms when H⁺ and OH⁻ combine?
Water (H₂O).
Does neutralization always produce a neutral pH of 7?
Not always — depends on acid and base strength.
What type of salt forms from a strong acid + strong base?
A neutral salt.
What type of salt forms from a strong acid + weak base?
An acidic salt.
What type of salt forms from a weak acid + strong base?
A basic salt.
Example of a neutralization reaction?
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O.