aims and hypothesis
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8 Terms
What is an aim in research?
What you want to find out. A general statement describing the purpose of the research, developed from previous theories.
What is a hypothesis?
A prediction of what you think will happen. A precise, measurable statement of the relationship between two operationalised variables.
What does the alternative (experimental) hypothesis predict?
The effect of the IV on the DV. In a correlation, it states a relationship between co-variables.
What is a directional hypothesis?
Predicts the direction of the difference or relationship (e.g., increase, decrease, more, less).
What is a non-directional hypothesis?
Predicts that there is a difference or relationship, but not the direction.
What is the null hypothesis?
A statement of 'no difference' or 'no relationship'.
When should you use a directional hypothesis?
When previous research suggests there will be a specific outcome.
When should you use a non-directional hypothesis?
When there is no previous research, or previous research is contradictory.