DIVS 2501: Person-In-Context / Diversity Midterm Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering cultural competence, inclusive language, systemic bias, acculturation models, and Indigenous history for the DIVS 2501 midterm.

Cultural Competence

The ability to self-reflect on ones own cultural values and how they impact care, while continually learning to gain a deeper understanding of another culture.

Awareness (Component of Cultural Competence)

Awareness of our own cultural worldview and our reactions to people who are different from us.

Attitude (Component of Cultural Competence)

A willingness to honestly examine and understand our own beliefs and values about cultural differences.

Skills (Component of Cultural Competence)

The cross-cultural skills needed to communicate effectively and build rapport, including asking culturally appropriate questions.

Knowledge (Component of Cultural Competence)

Understanding how ethnicity, culture, and tradition influence decision-making, vocational choices, behaviors, and development.

Desire (Component of Cultural Competence)

A genuine motivation to want to learn, engage in cultural encounters, and continually grow.

Cultural Awareness

Acknowledgment of difference focusing on the other culture; it does not consider political or socio-economic influences and is only a first step.

Cultural Sensitivity

Recognizing the need to respect cultural differences and exhibiting behaviors considered polite and respectful by the other culture.

Cultural Humility

A lifelong process of self-reflection to understand personal and systemic biases and privilege to maintain respectful relationships based on mutual trust.

Cultural Safety

An outcome based on respectful engagement that is determined by the patient/client, recognizing and addressing power imbalances.

Semantic Frame

The hidden structure behind a word where a single word activates a network of associated concepts, roles, and relationships.

Principle 2: Avoid unconscious demotions

An inclusive language principle advising against assuming someone has less authority or lesser skill based on a snap judgment of their identity.

Person-first language

Language that avoids defining someone by their disease or situation (e.g., using person experiencing homelessness instead of homeless).

Pro-Western Bias

A systematic bias in mental health research built upon antiquated foundations that are very male, very white, and very Christian.

Individualism (Western Bias)

A focus on autonomy and development of self, often at the expense of collective or family welfare prioritized in other cultures.

Oppression

The unequal distribution of power among groups, occurring when one group uses power to maintain the status quo.

Oppression by Imposition

A form of oppression involving the forceful application of unwanted labels, roles, or conditions on a group.

Oppression by Deprivation

A form of oppression involving withholding access, opportunity, or equal rights from a group.

Privilege

Access to resources that allow someone to thrive, resulting from class, religion, ethnic status, or other identity markers.

Earned Strengths

Achievements and status attained through personal effort, such as post-secondary education or a good credit rating.

Unearned Advantages

Benefits received simply by being born into a particular group or identity, such as race, family wealth, or able-bodiedness.

Health Disparities

Systematic, plausibly avoidable health differences that adversely affect socially disadvantaged groups.

The Healthy Immigrant Effect

A phenomenon where newcomers initially show lower rates of health disorders, but after approximately $10$ years, rates match or exceed the general population.

Integration (Acculturation)

An individual strategy where one maintains their own cultural identity while also participating in the host culture.

Assimilation (Acculturation)

An individual strategy where one gives up their own cultural identity to fully adopt the host culture.

Separation (Acculturation)

An individual strategy where one maintains their own cultural identity and rejects the host culture.

Marginalization (Acculturation)

An individual strategy where one loses their own cultural identity and is excluded from the host culture.

Multiculturalism

A host country model, characteristic of Canada, where society values and fosters diversity (Cultural Mosaic).

Melting Pot

A host country model where society seeks acculturation and differences are absorbed into one identity.

Cultural Idioms of Distress

Alternative modes of expressing suffering related to personal and cultural meaning, such as describing physical symptoms instead of mental ones.

Structural Racism

Macro-level systems, social forces, institutions, and processes that interact to generate and reinforce inequities among racial and ethnic groups.

Intergenerational Trauma

Trauma experienced by one generation that alters the way family values and beliefs are passed down, affecting subsequent generations.

Residential Schools

A system operating from $1831-1996$ where Indigenous children were forcibly removed from homes to be assimilated, often facing extensive abuse.

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)

A body established as part of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement to hear testimony and address the legacy of residential schools.

Housing First

A recovery-based approach that moves individuals quickly into permanent housing with no readiness or compliance requirements.

Not Criminally Responsible (NCR)

A legal determination that a crime was committed but symptoms of mental illness prevented the individual from understanding the nature of the act.

Inuit

Specific Indigenous groups living in the far north above the tree line; they are not subject to the Indian Act.

Metis

People of mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry with distinct communities and culture, particularly those rooted in the fur trade.

Terra Nullius

A principle meaning territory without a master used to justify colonization by claiming land was unoccupied.

The Indian Act (1867)

Federal law governing Bands, Reserves, and the identity of those defined as Indians; it established Indian Agents and residential schools.

Two-Eyed Seeing (Etuaptmumk)

Learning to see with the strengths of Indigenous knowledge in one eye and Western knowledge in the other for the benefit of all.

The Two Row Wampum (1613)

An agreement between the Mohawk and Dutch establishing that each would travel side by side in their own vessel without interference.

Starlight Tours

A practice where police arrested Indigenous people for alleged drunkenness and dropped them outside city limits in freezing conditions.

Neurodiversity

The virtually infinite neuro-cognitive variability within the human population, where every human has a unique nervous system.

Orange Shirt Day

held every year on September 30 to raise awareness about the experiences of Residential School survivors and the ongoing effects of those schools. It reminds people that "Every Child Matters

What is reconciliation

Reconciliation refers to the process of restoring relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in Canada, acknowledging past injustices, and working towards healing and understanding.

intergenerational trauma?

Intergenerational trauma refers to the psychological and emotional effects of trauma that are passed down from one generation to another, often affecting descendants of individuals who experienced significant historical or personal traumas. This concept highlights how trauma can influence family dynamics, identity, and mental health across generations.

Why were Residential Schools created?

to assimilate Indigenous Children by seperating them from their families, language and cultures

effects of residental school

• Loss of language/culture

• Physical and emotional abuse

• Family separation

• Mental health struggles

Residential Schools affect families

They disrupted parent-child relationships and contributed to intergenerational trauma.

Explain how Residential Schools contributed to intergenerational trauma.

Survivors carried unresolved trauma into adulthood, influencing parenting, relationships, and the well-being of future generations.

Who is Sky Woman?

Sky Woman is a central figure in various Indigenous creation stories, often depicting her as a woman who fell from the sky and played a crucial role in the creation of the Earth and its inhabitants.

Turtle Island

An Indigenous name used by many nations to refer to North America.

Muskrat.

retirved the earth

creation story teachings

that convey the cultural beliefs, values, and traditions of Indigenous peoples, often featuring key figures and events in the formation of the world.

Orange shirt Day and reconciliation connection

It raises awareness about Residential Schools, honors survivors, and encourages truth-telling and healing.

How do the Residential School videos challenge stereotypes about Indigenous communities?

They show that many social problems stem from historical trauma rather than personal or cultural failings

What lesson can be learned from Muskrat's role in the creation story?

Even those who seem small or powerless can make the greatest contributions.This highlights the importance of valuing every individual's role in their community and the impact they can have.