Stress

What is stress?

Stress is when the enviroment is effecting us

What are the ways of thinking about stress?

Stimuli/events - The enviroment putting demands on us that we cannot cope with

our resonse - How we react. this can be our feelings, what we are thinking, or what we are eating

Person-situation interactions - This is a transaction between the organism and envirement. it whats going on with us and around us

what are types of stressors?

Microstressors - Theys e are daily hassles such as launfry, grocery shopping, traffic

Carastrophic events - These occur unescpectedly and can effect a large group of people such as a tsunam or earthquake

major negative events - these are stressful life events that happen to you

What is the life events scale?

This is the quanify stress over time, the appriasal or being positive or negative and indicate the amounf of control or predictability

What is a social readjustment rating scale?

Thse are items measured through social readjustment. each item is assigned a poing value scale of 100 and can be both postive or neagtive things.

What are the aspecrs of appraisal process

primary appriaisal - these are semands iof a situatin, what do i have to do?

Secondary appraisal - The resources available to cope. how you can cop and what ways to you have to do it

Judgement of consecquences of situation - what will this cost me

Personal meaning - what doesthe outcome apply. what does this say about me as a person and di my opinion change

What is GAS?

This is general Adaption syndrome. is it pyssiologial reaction to prolonged stess

What are the phases of GAS?

Alarm - this is the first phase. it is like fight or flight and is the activation of sympathetic nervous system. is realses stress hotomones

resistance - this is the second phase. it is the continued recruitemt of resources and can last a long time

exaustion - this s the last hase and happens when the stressor is intesnes and persists for too long. this can lead to cardivascular problems or other imune difficu,lties

What ae the major symptoms of PTSD?

Severe anxiety, pjysiological arousal, reliving the event, emotional numbness, and intesne guilt

What are vulnerability factors?

They increase suseptibility to stress

What reduces resistance?

Lack og socila network, poor coping skills, and pessimism

What are protective factors?

Resources to help a person cope. tis can be social support, coping sliloing, or optimism

What is hardiness?

Commitment - whatwe are doing is impoetant

control - we ahve control over the situation

challenge - the situation we are in is a challenge not a threat

what is coping self efficacy and how is it increased?

It is the beleie we can successfully cope and can be increased with previous successes, observing other, social persurasion, and low levels of arousal

What is a type A personality

They have high levels of competitiveness and ambition, can be aggressive and hostile, and dont like waiting

What is a atype b personality?

Someone who is more relaxedm agreeable. and not that compettitive

What is a type C personality

Someone who is highly socualble, and hiniitied in expressing negative emioton. these people are often peaople pleasers and push down their feelings

What is phsyiological toughness?

This is the relatioshio between 2 classws of hormones called catwcholamines and corticosteroids. they are in volved in hight or flifht. toughness constis of low level of cortisol, low secretion levels and qrick, strong catecholamine response

What are the ways of coping with stress?

Problem focused - they deal with the situation directily and try to change it

emotion focused - they deal with the responses of the sitouion, such as how they feel

seeking socual support - you town to otehrs for help

Which cjoping strategy is the best?

Problem forcwd and seekin g soicla support are the best. emotion focised is not becasue it focises for on avoidance and denail. the only m=positieve is caling iyourself down befroe gettign aggressive.

What are the types of stress management?

cogntive reconstructing - this is a change in appriasal

self instructional training - this is learning adaptive self statements

relatxation rechnique

What is the transtheoretical model?

preconception - You have no desire to change and are denying your behavour has negative consequencess

contemplation - you realized you have a problme and desire to change

preperation - you start plannng uou chamge and identify what you need to change

action - you activtly are modufying your behaviour and aare constinaly trying to improve

maintenance - you are avoiding relapse and are controling the chage

termination - uou have chamged your behaviour and it is ingrained into you