FLASH Health Final Review- ORTON

Heredity

the passing of traits and genetic information from parents to their offspring

Environment- influence on development

shaping human health, economic productivity, and resource availability

Your body’s first line of defense

the innate immune system

Physical Health

the optimal functioning of the body and its systems, encompassing physical fitness, disease prevention, and daily vitality

Arrhythmia

a condition where the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm, either too fast, too slow, or unevenly

Pathogens

any infectious agent—such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, parasite, or prion—that causes disease in its host

Pandemic

An epidemic that has successfully crossed international boundaries, affecting a large number of people worldwide.

Ways to reduce risk of cancer

avoiding tobacco, maintaining a healthy weight, and limiting alcohol consumption.

Phagocytes

specialized white blood cells that protect the body by engulfing and destroying harmful foreign particles, bacteria, dead cells, and cellular debris

Metastasis

the spread of cancer cells from the original (primary) tumor site to other parts of the body

Diabetes

a chronic condition where your body either doesn't produce enough insulin or can't use it effectively.

Health continuum

a dynamic spectrum that visualizes health not as a fixed state, but as a continuous, ever-changing process.

Phagocytes

specialized white blood cells that protect the body by engulfing and destroying harmful foreign particles, bacteria, dead cells, and cellular debris

Infectious disease = communicable disease

Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites that invade the body and multiply.

Communicable diseases are a specific subset of infectious diseases that are contagious and spread from person to person, animal to person, or via environmental vector

Cycle of violence

Calm phase, tension building, violence, make up/ “honeymoon”

To break the cycle: Recognize, Respond, and Refer

Self-esteem

your overall opinion of yourself and the value you place on your own worth and abilities

Dealing with emotions in healthful way

processing feelings rather than bottling them up

Healthy Coping Strategies

proactive and reactive strategies used to manage stress, regulate emotions, and improve your mood without causing long-term harm

Assertive communication- Saying "No"

STOP method

be direct, polite, and brief

Steps for abdominal thrusts for choking victim

stand or kneel behind them, wrap your arms around their waist, and make a quick, upward and inward thrust with a clenched fist positioned just above the navel

AED (what does it do?)

automatically analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if it detects a dangerous, uncoordinated rhythm (like ventricular fibrillation), delivers a precise electrical shock to "reset" the heart so it can beat normally again

CPR steps (assessing the scene…)

assessing the scene, check for responsiveness, call 911, get AED, provide CPR

F.A.S.T. (for a stroke)

Face, Arm Speech, Time

Checking for responsiveness

Check scene, tap, and shout

# of compressions, rate and depth of compressions, breaths

30 chest compressions, 100-120 compressions per min, 2 breaths, 2in depth (adult and child), 1.5 in depth (infant)

choking

occurs when a foreign object, like food or a small toy, partially or completely blocks the airway, preventing normal breathing

AED

a portable medical device used to analyze the heart's rhythm and deliver an electrical shock during sudden cardiac arrest

PPE (personal protective equipment)

specialized gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries, illnesses, or infections

Stopping bleeding

apply firm, continuous pressure with a clean cloth or bandage

head injury

minor scalp bruises to severe traumatic brain injuries. seek emergency help if severe symptoms are present.

sprain 1st aid

Apply an icepack (cold compress) wrapped in a wet cloth to the injury for 15 minutes every 2 hours for 24 hours and then for 15 minutes every 4 hours for 24 hours

low blood sugar steps

“!5-15 Rule” Eat 15 grams of fast acting carbohydrates, then wait 15 min and recheck blood sugar, then repeat if needed.

what to do when there is a seizure

• ease person to the floor

• turn them on their side

• place something soft on their head

• remove tight clothing/ jewelry or anything around their neck

• call 911 if it has lasted 5 min+

stroke

“BE FAST”

• Balance

• eyes

• fast

• arms

• speech

• time (call 911 if any symptoms above occur)

allergic reaction

use an epipen/ other drugs or call 911.

how to alleviate swelling

“RICE”

• Rest

• Ice

• Compression

• Elevation

wash hands for (how long?)

at least 20 sec

Stress/Stressor(s)

(this is what she gave idk what it means but i think yk what stress and stressors are) When you try several stress management techniques and nothing seems to work, the best option is to try each technique again. Best way to deal with prolonged stress… many questions on stress

Building Resilience

A key factor is having the support of family and friends, sticking to routines during challenging times

Clinical Depression

a serious medical illness characterized by pervasive low mood, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities

Self Esteem

your overall subjective evaluation of your own worth, value, and abilities

Anxiety Disorders

excessive, persistent, and uncontrollable worry that goes beyond normal, temporary stress

Talk therapy

a structured, collaborative conversation with a licensed mental health professional

Drug therapy

the use of pharmaceutical medications to prevent, diagnose, manage, or cure diseases

Mental disorders- causes

genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors

Risks for suicidal behavior

suicide, spreading the negativity to others, etc.

Warning signs of depression

persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest

Tension building stage in cycle of violence

The abuser is argumentative, angry, uses yelling, criticism, swearing, and angry gestures

Coping strategies

strategies used to manage stress, reduce negative emotions, and navigate difficult life situations

Triggers and recognizing emotions

Emotional triggers are external situations, words, or sensations that cause sudden, intense emotional reactions

Children and Violence (cycle of..)

cycle of violence

Metabolism

the complete set of life-sustaining chemical processes that occur within the body's cells to convert food and drink into energy (photosynthesis for people!)

BMI (Body Mass Index)

a screening tool that uses a person's height and weight to estimate body fat

Dehydration

a condition that occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in, preventing it from functioning normally

Warm-up- in regard to exercise

a crucial 5- to 10-minute period of light physical activity done before intense exercise

Work out (exercise) safety- outdoor

inform someone of your route, wear bright or reflective clothing, and use adequate sun protection

Flexibility

the anatomical range of motion available to a joint or series of joints

Clothing for working out at night

bright, reflective apparel and moisture-wicking, breathable fabrics

MyPlate categories (5)

vegetables, fruit, grain, dairy, protein

Carbohydrates

Their main function is to provide the body with glucose, one of the three primary macronutrients, made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Fiber

a slender, threadlike filament, acts as an internal regulator by slowing digestion, sweeping waste through the intestines, and feeding healthy gut bacteria

Withdrawal (drug)

a group of symptoms that occur when a dependent person stops taking the drug.

Refusal skills steps

“STOP”

• say no

• tell way

• offer another solution\

• promptly leave

Drug Abuse- ex: intentionally for the effects/recreation

the harmful or excessive use of substances—such as illegal drugs, alcohol, or prescription medications—to alter mood, get high, or escape reality

Signs of possible drug abuse

using any substance—legal or illegal—to alter your mood, achieve euphoria, or "get high"

Depressants- side effects

drowsiness, dizziness, poor coordination, slurred speech, and slower reflexes or breathing

Illegal Drug

A chemical substance that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell.

Drug Antagonism

occurs when the effect of one substance is canceled or reduced by another

Drug Synergism

an interaction where two or more drugs combined produce a total therapeutic effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects

Drug- Importance of safely storing & disposing of drugs safely

to prevent sickness, debt, death, other people using the drugs when they’re not supposed to, etc

Costs of alcohol abuse and alcoholism on society

hundreds of billions of dollars annually and 178,000 deaths annually