THEORY: Sources of magnetic field

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Last updated 6:09 PM on 5/2/26
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7 Terms

1
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Magnetic field due to four wires

On the right, the two pairs of wires where current flows with the same orientation produce vectors that cancel each other. Hence, the net effect is zero.

<p>On the right, the two pairs of wires where current flows with the same orientation produce vectors that cancel each other. Hence, the net effect is zero.</p>
2
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Definitions of the Ampere and the Coulomb

One ampere is defined as that current flowing in each of two long parallel wires 1 m apart, which results in a force of exactly 2 x 10-7 N per meter of length of each wire

<p><span>One ampere is defined as that current flowing in each of two long parallel wires 1 m apart, which results in a force of exactly 2 x 10-7 N per meter of length of each wire</span></p>
3
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Ampère’s Law

  • always a valid statement

  • limited to cases with high degree of symmetry.

  • “good” integration paths

  • 𝑩 is either parallel or perpendicular to the integration path.

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that in any region of space where there are no currents the magnetic field cannot be both unidirectional and nonuniform

<p><span>that in any region of space where there are no currents the magnetic field cannot be both unidirectional and nonuniform</span><br></p>
5
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What can a Solenoid do?

  • generate motion

  • store energy (inductor)

  • control magnetic fields

  • sense signals

(solenoid valve to control rocket engine)

<ul><li><p>generate motion</p></li><li><p>store energy (inductor)</p></li><li><p>control magnetic fields</p></li><li><p>sense signals</p></li></ul><p>(solenoid valve to control rocket engine)</p>
6
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Biot-Savart Law

gives the magnetic field due to an infinitesimal length of current; the total field can then be found by integrating over the total length of the current

<p><span>gives the magnetic field due to an infinitesimal length of current; the total field can then be found by integrating over the total length of the current</span></p>
7
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Electromagnets and Solenoids – Applications

When the circuit is closed, the magnetic field inside the coil attracts the iron rod, which hits the bell. Other applications revolve around car starters, linear actuators,etc

<p>When the circuit is closed, the magnetic field inside the coil attracts the iron rod, which hits the bell. Other applications revolve around car starters, linear actuators,etc </p><p></p><p></p>