Demographics on Aging, Gerontological Nursing History, and Clinical Roles Lecture notes (completed)

These flashcards cover demographics, age classifications, historical milestones in geriatric nursing, standards of practice, and various nursing roles and settings associated with care for the aging population.

How are gerontology and geriatrics defined based on the lecture objectives?

Gerontology is the study of the aging process and individuals as they grow from middle age through later life, while geriatrics is the branch of medicine or social science dealing with the health and care of old people.

In the year 2026, what is the birth year range for the Baby Boomer generation?

$$1946-1964$$

What are the specific age ranges for the 'Young-old', 'Middle-old', and 'Oldest-old' categories?

Young-old is $65-74\,\text{years}$, Middle-old is $75-84\,\text{years}$, and Oldest-old is $85+\,\text{years}$.

What are the age definitions for 'Elite-old' and 'Centenarians'?

Elite-old are individuals aged $95+\text{,}$ and Centenarians are individuals aged $100+$.

According to $2022$ Census data, what percentage of the total U.S. population is $65\,\text{years}$ or older?

$17.3\%\text{,}$ which is approximately $57.8\,\text{million}$ people.

What demographic shift is projected for the U.S. population by the year $2030$?

All baby boomers will be older than age $65\text{,}$ and almost $1$ in $5$ Americans ($20\%\text{,}$ or approximately $73\,\text{million}$ people) will be $65+$.

What historically significant demographic milestone is projected to occur by $2035$?

For the first time in U.S. history, older adults are projected to outnumber children (under $18\,\text{years}$ old).

What is the average life expectancy for a person reaching age $65$ in the U.S. as of $2020$?

An additional $19.5\,\text{years}$ ($20.6\,\text{years}$ for females and $18.1\,\text{years}$ for males).

What term describes the phenomenon where the mortality rate for one racial group eventually becomes lower than another after a certain age?

Racial Mortality Crossover Effect/Phenomenon.

According to $2020$ data, what are the living arrangement percentages for men versus women aged $65+$?

$73\%\,\text{of men}$ live with a spouse or partner, while only $50\%\,\text{of women}$ do; whereas $33\%\,\text{of women}$ live alone compared to $20\%\,\text{of men}$.

What percentage of older adults live in nursing homes versus traditional houses or apartments?

$5\%\,\text{live in nursing homes,}$ while $90\%\,\text{live in houses, apartments, or public housing}$.

Which nine states contained $51\%\,\text{of America's elders aged 65+}$ in $2019$?

California, Florida, Texas, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, and North Carolina.

What was the bachelor's degree attainment rate for the population age $65\,\text{and over}$ in $2018$?

$$29\%$$

Which landmark legislation passed in $1965$ amended the Social Security Act to provide Medicare and Medicaid?

The Older Americans Act.

What is the most prevalent chronic health condition reported by both men and women age $65+$ in $2018$?

Hypertension ($58\%\,\text{for women and } 56\%\,\text{for men}$).

What are the two leading causes of death among people age $65\,\text{and over}$ according to $2000-2018\,\text{data}$?

Heart disease and Cancer.

What does the concept 'Compression of Morbidity' refer to?

The postponement of chronic disease, serious illness, and disability.

In what year was the first certification in Gerontological nursing offered by the ANA?

$$1974$$

What are the six Standards of Practice for Gerontological Nursing as defined by the ANA?

$$1\text{) Assessment, } 2\text{) Diagnosis, } 3\text{) Outcomes Identification, } 4\text{) Planning, } 5\text{) Implementation, and } 6\text{) Evaluation.}$$

What percentage of a nurse's time is typically spent with older adults?

Up to $75\%$

What is the primary difference between a gerontological nursing generalist and a specialist?

A generalist has completed a basic entry-level educational program, while a specialist has advanced preparation at the master's level and clinical expertise (e.g., GCNS or GNP).

What does the acronym NICHE stand for and what is its purpose?

Nurses Improving Care for Health System Elders; it is designed to improve outcomes for hospitalized older adults.

What are the '5M's of Geriatrics' identified in Age Friendly Health Systems?

What matters most, mentality, mobility, medications, and multi-complexity.

What roles does a Gerontological Nurse Practitioner (GNP) perform?

Provides primary care in independent or collaborative practice, treats common illnesses with considerable autonomy, and holds prescriptive authority.

What percentage of home care visits are represented by older adults ($65+$)?

$$80\%$$

What specific nursing model is designed to prevent hospital-associated functional disability and iatrogenesis?

ACE (Acute Care for the Elderly).