Cell Transport

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

What does it mean to be selectively permeable or semi-permeable?

Cell membrane allows some things to pass through and enter the cell, but other things are not allowed through.

Cell membrane

A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell. Wraps around the entire cell.

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

What is a concentration gradient?

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Passive transport

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

How does water move across the cell membrane?

by osmosis

What is a solvent?

the substance in which the solute dissolves

What is a solute?

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

How does water move when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water moves from outside to inside the cell causing the cell to swell.

How does water move when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

Water moves from the inside to the outside of the cell causing the cell to shrink.

How does water move in an isotonic solution?

The solute concentration is equal on both sides of the cell, resulting in equal amounts of water moving in and out of the cell.

Cell Transport

The movement of materials across cell membranes. Cell transport includes passive and active transport.

Hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

Hypertonic

when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes

Isotonic

when the concentration of two solutions is the same