28 - Reducing Stress Review

According to Mariti et al. (2015), what fraction of dogs spent at least 20% of a vet visit engaged in stress behaviors?

Two-thirds (2/3).

In the Mariti et al. (2015) study, the observation period for dogs in the waiting room lasted how many minutes?

3 minutes.

What percentage of dogs in the Mariti et al. (2015) study showed more than four signs of stress?

Over 50%.

According to veterinary behaviorists in the Mariti study, what percentage of dogs were rated as 'highly stressed'?

29%.

What was the finding regarding owners' awareness of their dogs' stress levels at the clinic?

Owners were unaware of the level of stress their dogs were showing.

According to Doring et al. (2009), what percentage of dogs displayed fear responses while on the exam table?

78.5%.

Which physiological ratio increases in dogs due to the stress of exams, orthopedic checks, or hospitalization?

Urinary cortisol:creatinine levels.

How long can elevated urinary cortisol:creatinine levels persist in dogs after a veterinary clinic visit?

Even a day later.

To minimize stress, clinic design should focus on keeping different _____ separate.

Species.

What is the benefit of using barriers in veterinary waiting rooms?

They minimize visual contact with other clients and animals.

Where should owners with 'challenging' animals be asked to wait until the clinic is ready for them?

In their car.

To reduce animal stress during surgeries, when should the dog be sedated in relation to the owner's presence?

The dog should be sedated while the owner is still present.

Regarding surgical procedures, when should the owner ideally return to the dog's side?

When the dog exits surgery and anesthesia is being reversed.

What is the primary motto or tagline of Fear Free certification?

Taking the pet out of petrified.

According to Feuerbacher & Wynne (2016), how do dogs perceive separation from their owner?

It is perceived as aversive.

The theory that dogs are more confident and will explore more when their owner is present is called the _____ base.

Secure.

What type of behavioral assessment demonstrated that owners act as a secure base for dogs?

Strange situation tests.

In stressful situations like vet offices, what activity do dogs especially prefer from their owners?

Petting.

According to Odendaal & Meintjes (2011), what effect does owner petting have on a dog's cortisol levels?

It reduces them.

List two cardiovascular markers in dogs that are reduced by owner petting.

Heart rate and blood pressure.

Csoltova et al. (2017) found that owner interaction improved well-being more than the owner's _____ alone.

Presence.

During an exam, which ocular measurement shows a significant increase in stressed dogs?

Ocular surface temperature.

How does owner interaction (petting and talking) affect a dog's heart rate during an exam?

It reduces the heart rate.

Active owner interaction during an exam helps decrease the number of attempts a dog makes to _____.

Jump off the table.

What was the 'Fear Free quarantine style' method used by VCA North Idaho to involve owners?

Communicating via cell phone and using a window for visibility and treats.

In terms of Pavlovian conditioning, how can the vet office be made a more positive environment?

By pairing the office with high-value treats.

What are 'no poke' visits?

Clinic visits intended to build positive associations without any injections or painful procedures.

To utilize Pavlovian conditioning effectively, clinics should minimize restraint and _____ procedures.

Aversive.

In the context of Operant conditioning, how should physical restraint be handled to reduce stress?

It should be released early and often.

Operant conditioning in the clinic involves using _____ reinforcement for desirable behavior.

Positive.

Definition: Cooperative Care

Training an animal to voluntarily participate in its own medical or husbandry procedures.

What specific grooming task was used as an example of cooperative care in dogs?

Nail trimming.

Which restraint method for cats involves handling the animal lightly in a position of its choosing?

Passive (control) restraint.

Which restraint method involves holding the cat laterally while grasping the legs with a forearm across the neck?

Full-body (negative) restraint.

What does 'scruff restraint' involve in feline handling?

Tightly grasping the cat's skin and fur at the back of the neck using a fist.

What is 'clip restraint' in the context of cat handling?

The application of Clipnosis clips to the dorsal neck area to bring together skin and fur.

Which cat restraint method resulted in the lowest respiration rates?

Passive restraint.

Which two restraint methods resulted in the least dilated pupils in cats?

Passive restraint and scruffing.

In the study of cat handling, which restraint method led to the fewest negative ear positions?

Passive restraint.

Which cat restraint method resulted in more dilated pupils than passive or scruffing methods?

Clips or full-body restraint.

Why might separating an animal from its owner make future vet visits more difficult?

It can increase the animal's stress and create a negative association for the next visit.

According to the Mariti study, what was the most frequent duration of stress behavior in the observed 3-minute period?

At least 20% of the period.

Which physiological marker of stress was specifically linked to lip licking during a vet exam?

Increased heart rate.

In cooperative care training, what part of the dog's body is typically trained first for nail trimming?

The front feet.

How does moving clients quickly into private rooms assist with clinic flow and stress reduction?

It removes the animal from the high-stimulation waiting room environment and visual triggers.