MindTap - Chapter 1: Ready, Set, Go!

pre

before an operation

peri

time around an operation

post

after an operation

atomical order

where body systems are involved in the body

what happens if something is spelled wrong?

the meaning changes

prefix

at the beginning of a word

root

the essential meaning; cannot stand alone

combining vowel

single vowel (a,e,I,o,u)

Combining form

root and a combining vowel

suffix

at the end of a word

a or an

without or no

ad

toward

anti

against

ab

away from

dys

difficult, painful, bad

eu

good, easy, normal

endo

within, inside

ex or exo

without, out, inside

ecto

outside

hyper

elevated, higher, more than normal

hypo

depressed, lower, less than normal

intra

within

poly

many, excessive

oligo

scant, little

sub

below, under, less

super or supra

above, beyond

epi

upper

extra

outside

inter

between

intra

within

meta

beyond

per

throughout

trans

across

ultra

above

when are combining vowels not used?

between a prefix and a word root, when a suffix begins with a vowe

ac

heart (cardiac)

al

kidney (renal)

an

ovary (ovarian)

ar

loin, lower back (lumbar)

ary

gastrointestinal track (alimentary)

eal

larynx (laryngeal)

ic

small intestine (enteric)

ine

uterus (uterine)

ous

skin (cutaneous)

tic

kidneys (nephrotic)

ectomy

surgical removal

pexy

suture to stabilize

plasty

surgical repair

stomy

surgically created opening

tomy

cutting into

centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas

gram

record of

graph

instrument that records

graphy

procedure that records

lysis

separation or breakdown

scope

instrument to visually examine

scopy

procedure to visually examine

therapy

treatment

rragia or rrhage

busting forth

rrhaphy

to suture

rrhea

flow or discharge

rrhexis

rupture

algia or dynia

pain

ia

state or condition

ion

action, process, or state

itis

inflammation

ive

preforms, tends toward

malacia

abnormal softening

megaly

enlargement

osis

abnormal condition

pathy

disease

sclerosis

abnormal hardening

um

structure

us

thing