APUSH Ch. 3 Vocab: PART 1

proprietorship

a colony created through a grant of land from the English monarch to an individual or group who then set up a form of government largely independent from royal control.

Quakers

epithet for members of the Society of Friends. Their belief that God spoke directly to each individual through an “inner light” and that neither Bible nor ministers were essential to discovering God’s Word put them in conflict with both the Church of England and orthodox Puritans.

Navigation Acts

English laws passed, beginning in the 1650s and 1660s, requiring that certain English colonial goods be shipped through English ports on English ships manned primarily by English sailors in order to benefit English merchants, shippers, and seamen.

Dominion of New England

a royal province created by King James II in 1686 that would’ve absorbed Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, New York, and New Jersey into a single colony and eliminated their chartered rights. James’ plan was cancelled by the Glorious Revolution, which removed him from the throne.

Glorious Revolution

a quick and nearly bloodless coup in 1688 in which members of Parliament invited William of Orange to overthrow James II. Whig politicians forced the new King William and Queen Mary to accept the Declaration of Rights, creating a constitutional monarchy that enhanced the powers of the House of Commons at the expense of the crown.

constitutional monarchy

a monarchy limited in its rule by a constitution — in England’s case, the Declaration of Rights (1689), which formally limited the power of its king.

Second Hundred Years’ War

an era of warfare between England and France beginning in 1689 and lasting until 1815. In that time, England fought in 7 major wars; the longest era of peace lasted only 26 years.

tribalization

the adaptation of stateless peoples to the demands imposed on them by neighboring states

Covenant Chain

the alliance of the Iroquois, first with the colony of New York, then with the British Empire and its other colonies. This term became a model for relations between the British Empire and other Native American peoples.

South Atlantic System

a new agricultural and commercial order that produced sugar, tobacco, rice, and other tropical and subtropical products for an international market. Its plantation societies were ruled by European planter-merchants and worked by hundreds of thousands of enslaved Africans.