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23 Terms
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geologic evolution
changes in the earth over time
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organic evolution
changes in the living organisms over time
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genetic variation
not every member in a species is identical, some will survive better than others
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adaption
a change in an organism's phenotype or behavior
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evolution
change in an organism’s dna over generation
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divergent evolution
a single species or group of closely related species evolves into several different types of species, each adapted to the environment in a slightly different way
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convergent evolution
why unrelated species look similar to one another, similar environmental factors affect organisms in similar ways
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co evolution
an interaction between 2 organisms causes one organism to change in response in another organism
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fossils
show a gradual change over time in organisms once found on earth
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homologous body structures
body structures developed from similar embryonic tissues, but serve slightly different functions
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artificial selection
selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variations among a species
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fitness
the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
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adaption
any trait that increases an organisms chance of survival
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natural selection
the traits that are helpful to an organism that help live and pass on its genes
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struggle of existence
high birthrates and shortage of resources would force organisms to compete for resources
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competition
drives natural selection
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variation
the natural variation in the characteristics of individuals that are part of a population
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overproduction
ecosystems are unable to support all individuals within a population to an age or reproduction causing competition among offspring
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selection
the more adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive while others who have less adapted characteristics are less likely
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reproduction
the better adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive and pass on characteristics
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phylogeny
evolutionary relationships among organisms
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phylogenic tree
diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms
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derived traits
traits that arise during the evolution of a group and differ from the traits of the character of the group