Evolution

geologic evolution - changes in the earth over time

organic evolution - changes in the living organisms over time

genetic variation - not every member in a species is identical, some will survive better than others

adaption - a change in an organism's phenotype or behavior

evolution - change in an organism’s dna over generation

divergent evolution - a single species or group of closely related species evolves into several different types of species, each adapted to the environment in a slightly different way

convergent evolution - why unrelated species look similar to one another, similar environmental factors affect organisms in similar ways

co-evolution - an interaction between 2 organisms causes one organism to change in response in another organism

fossils - show a gradual change over time in organisms once found on earth

homologous body structures - body structures developed from similar embryonic tissues, but serve slightly different functions

artificial selection - selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variations among a species

fitness - the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in a specific environment

adaption - any trait that increases an organisms chance of survival

natural selection - the traits that are helpful to an organism that help live and pass on its genes

struggle of existence - high birthrates and shortage of resources would force organisms to compete for resources

competition - drives natural selection

variation - the natural variation in the characteristics of individuals that are part of a population

overproduction - ecosystems are unable to support all individuals within a population to an age or reproduction causing competition among offspring

selection the more adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive while others who have less adapted characteristics are less likely

reproduction - the better adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive and pass on characteristics

phylogeny - evolutionary relationships among organisms

phylogenic tree - diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms

derived traits - traits that arise during the evolution of a group and differ from the traits of the character of the group