BIDA ANG SAYA SA REVALIDA.docx

Criminal Law

A branch of municipal law that defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their punishment.

Bill of Attainder

Legislative act which inflicts punishment without trial.

Crime

Acts or omissions punishable by law.

Classical Theory

States that man is essentially a moral creature with absolute free will to choose between good and evil, focusing more on the result of the felonious act than the criminal.

Positivist Theory

States that man is occasionally subdued by a phenomenon conditioning him to do wrong against his volition.

Utilitarian/Protective Theory

Emphasizes the mala prohibita principle, punishing offenses regardless of malice or criminal intent.

Eclectic or Mixed Philosophy

Combines positivist and classical thinking.

Equipoise Rule

Suggests favoring the accused when prosecution and defense evidence are equally balanced, in line with the presumption of innocence.

Felony

Any act or omission punishable under Article 3, RPC.

Offense

Acts punishable under special laws.

Battered Woman Syndrome

A pattern of psychological and behavioral symptoms in women from abusive relationships.

Consummated

Stage of felony where all acts necessary for its accomplishment are present.

Frustrated

Stage of felony where acts of execution are performed but do not produce the felony due to external causes.

Attempted

Stage of felony where the offender starts but does not complete the felony due to external factors.

Battery

Inflicting physical harm resulting in distress on a woman or her child.

Three-fold Rule

Limits the convict's sentence to three times the most severe penalty imposed.

Civil Interdiction

An accessory penalty affecting various rights of an individual.

RA No

Legislation prohibiting the imposition of the death penalty.

Total Extinguishment of Criminal Liability

When an offender dies before final judgment, criminal liability is extinguished.

Amnesty

Pardon extended to classes of persons guilty of political offenses.

Violation of Domicile

Offense by a public officer entering a dwelling against the owner's will, searching papers without consent, and refusing to leave upon request.

Search warrants maliciously obtained

Offense by a public officer searching a domicile with unlawfully acquired search warrants.

Prohibition, Interruption, and Dissolution of peaceful meetings

Offense by a public officer hindering peaceful meetings and dispersing attendees.

Treason

Breach of allegiance to a government by a person owing allegiance to it.

Two-witness rule

Requirement of two witnesses to prove aiding or comforting in the crime of Treason.

Espionage

Offense of gathering, transmitting, or losing information related to national defense.

Neutrality

State of a nation in war, not taking sides but maintaining peaceful relations with belligerents.

Piracy

Robbery or depredation on the high seas.

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

EO No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No

RA No