2024 Sem 2 Psychology Exam

cognitive psychology

the study of the processes underlying attention, decision making, language, memory and problem solving

system 1 thinking

quick, instinctive, little/no effort, not deliberate, predictable, can be wrong, involuntary, automatic, emotional

system 1 thinking examples

orient to the source of a hidden sound, detect hostility in a voice, answer 2 + 2, say “here” when name is called

system 2 thinking

slower, conscious, effortful, more deliberate, more logical & orderly, requires high attention span/focus, includes sequence of steps, causes changes in body

system 2 thinking examples

Tell someone your phone number, maintain a faster walking speed than natural, compare 2 washing machines for overall value, turning off house alarm

how system 1 and system 2 thinking work together

system 1 can suggest ideas, system 2 checks

system 2 uses system 1’s capabilities and filter them down

cognitive reflection test

tests “2 systems of thinking” theory, as an intuitve, quick answer may not be the correct answer as our brain replaces the original questions with a simpler (and incorrect) version.

developed by dr frederic containing 3 questions (bat and ball, machines and widgets, lily pads)

ferraris and fords study

replacement for bats and balls questions, when intuitive answers conflict with other intuitions (such as those based on past knowledge), people are more likely to engage in system 2 thinking, leading to a correct answer