Pain & Anesthesia

Pain

Emotional and physical unpleasant sensory experience

Pain Categorization

Grouped by the cause of the pain

Pain Diagnosis

Healthcare providers may conduct tests, exams, and clinical assessments

Chronic Pain

Pain lasting longer than 3 months

Acute Pain

Pain often associated with trauma or surgery

Malignant Pain

Pain associated with cancer

Non-malignant Pain

Pain not associated with cancer

Neuropathic Pain

Pain from nerve destruction or degeneration

Opioid Crisis

Opioid use declared a national health emergency due to addiction spread

Acute Pain Definition

Pain associated with trauma or surgery

Neuropathic Pain Definition

Pain from nerve destruction or degeneration

CDC Guidelines

First issued in March 2016 for treating pain

Opioid Medications

Intended to relieve cancer, chronic, and acute pain

Leading Cause of Deaths

Colon Cancer for under 50 in America

Controlled Substances Act

Regulates manufacturing, distribution, and use of substances

Controlled Substance Prescription

Requires specific patient and drug details

Prescription Legitimacy Concern

Call pharmacy, talk to patient and prescriber

Opioid Side Effects

Addictive, may cause drowsiness, confusion, nausea, constipation, slowed breathing

Fentanyl Patch Disposal

Remove, fold in paper, dispose in trash

Alternative Pain Treatments

Feverfew, butterbur, cold/hot compress

Fentanyl Definition

Potent synthetic opioid, 100x more potent than morphine

Opioid Use Disorder

Repeated opioid use for "happy" feeling, not pain relief

Tolerance, Dependence, Addiction

Differences in drug effects and behaviors

Addiction Treatment

About one in four addicted individuals seek help

General Anesthesia

Respiratory depressant causing breathing cessation

General Anesthesia Assessment

Pain is not an indicator for anesthesia degree

Malignant Hyperthermia

Characterized by high body temp, muscle spasms, rapid heart rate

Inhaled Gasses for Anesthesia

Allows rapid induction of anesthesia

Midazolam Schedule

Belongs to Schedule IV controlled substance

Ketamine Anesthesia

Produces dissociative anesthesia

Narcotic Reversal Drug

Naloxone AKA Narcan

Neuropathic Pain Treatment

Tricyclic antidepressants are usually used

Opiates Source

Derived from poppy seeds

Migraine Prophylaxis Drug

Propranolol is the drug of choice

Narcotic Reliance Term

Dependence describes physical and emotional reliance

Migraine Treatment Drugs

Triptans and Ergotamines are primarily used

Abortive Therapy

Migraine therapy at the first sign of headache occurring.