EXAM 3- IN CLASS QUESTIONS

true

T/F the A band length of a sarcomere will not change length during a contraction?

false

T/F the contractile protein myosin is important for the cross-bridge binding site to attach to during skeletal muscle contraction?

increased reuptake by Ca+ - ATP pump

The relaxation phase of skeletal muscle occurs due to ion movement by which of the following:

hypothalamus; posterior pituitary

The neural control over endocrine function occurs due to the input of the ______ to the _______

nicotinic; muscarinic

Acetylcholine will bind to ____ receptors in a region of cell bodies clustered together. It will bind to _____ receptors at an effector tissue?

a band

The _______ does not shorten during a skeletal muscle contraction?

false

T/F: The velocity of contraction in muscle is directly related to the force applied that opposes contraction?

false

T/F: the latent period is a period in which there is a small amount of force generated but not enough to be measured?

true

T/F: a motor unity is made up of an alpha motor neuron and all the muscle fiber it innervates?

type 1 fibers

When skeletal muscle adapts to training, an increase in the muscle’s ability to produce ATP in the presence of oxygen would be a property of what?

false

T/F: the main difference between skeletal and smooth muscle contraction, is that intracellular calcium is not needed for smooth, but is needed for skeletal muscle contraction?

AB

an individual with AB-antigens on their red blood cells, would have what type of blood?

collagen

the platelet plug is increased in aggregation by attaching to whwat?

false. only present in single-unit

T/F the contractile cells of multi-unit smooth muscle allow for the spread of action potentials through gap junctions?

false. cardiac does not need phosphorylation

T/F cardiac muscle differs from that of smooth muscle, as cardiac muscle requires that need for myosin to be phosphorylated to form the cross-bridge?

false. only the ventricular depolarization

T/F the QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles and the depolarization of the atria?

true

T/F the single layer of cells lining the arteries are endothelial cells, and can contribute to blood pressure regulation?

60% plasma and 40% RBCs

a hematocrit of 40% would indicate which of the following?

true

T/F an individual who is experiencing the inability to deliver oxygen to the tissue to meet oxygen demand, would need the process of erythropoietin to increase?

prothrombin to thrombin

If you were to try to inhibit the formation of a clot, you would need to stop the process by inhibiting what?

false. that is isovolumetric contraction

T/F isovolumetric relaxation involves the process where the ventricles are about to contract and eject blood into the aorta/pulmonary artery?

frank-starling mechanism

an increase in end-diastolic volume would result in which of the following?

increased/ANP

an increase in blood pressure would lead to ______ urine output that would be regulated by _____?

40mmHg

The pulse pressure of an individual with 120/80mmHG would be what?

voltage gated sodium calcium channels opening, calcium released from SR, calcium binding to troponin

during the latent phase of a muscle twitch, which of the following is occurring?

true

T/F the detachment of ADP causes the myosin head to swivel inward called the power stroke?

bind to troponin

The role of calcium within a skeletal muscle is to what?

false

T/F When AP’s stop arriving at the muscle, calcium diffuses back into the SR which ends cross-bridge formation and thus tension generation?

false

T/F alpha motor neurons stimulate the intrafusal fibers of skeletal muscle, thereby reducing the muscle from being stretched too far?

false. only in smooth muscle

T/F in skeletal muscle, myosin must be phosphorylated before you are able to form the myosin/actin cross bridge and generate tension?

50% plasma/50% RBCS

A hematocrit of 50% would indicate which of the following?

EPO (Erythropoietin)

An individual who is experiencing the inability to deliver oxygen to the tissue to meet ozygen demand would see an increase in what?

prothrombin

If you were to try to inhibit the formation of thrombin, you would inhibit what?

false

T/F during isovolumetric relaxation of the cardiac cycle, the ventricles are filling with blood?

A band

The region of a relaxed sarcomere where there is both myosin and actin is what?

true

T/F if you were to increase blood volume, then you would ultimately increase venous return?

contraction

The release of calcium from the SR will allow for _______ of excitation-contraction coupling?

diastole; relaxed for the most part

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is _________ and is when the atria are _______?

increase

A decrease in systemic blood pressure would lead to a/an _____ in SV?

A-band

The _____ does not shorten during a skeletal muscle contraction?

false. contractile unit

T/F the sarcomere is the contractile protein of a skeletal muscle fiber?

A

An individual with the A antigen on their RBCs, would have what type of blood?

true

T/F the contractile cells of the heart are myocardial cells?

false

T/F isovolumetric relaxation involves process where the ventricles are about to contract and eject blood into the aorta/pulmonary artery?

voltage gated sodium and calcium channels are opening, calcium is being released from the SR, and calcium is binding to troponin

During the latent phase of a muscle twitch, which of the following is occurring?

false. this is detachment

T/F the binding of ATP to the cross-bridge allows for the power-stroke to occur?

true

T/F the QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles and overshadows the repolarization of the atria?

true

T/F the platelet plug is reinforced by the formation of the polymer fibrin?

frank-starling mechanism

an increase in end-diastolic volume would result in which of the following?

false. this is electric not mechanical

T/F the QRS complex is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract?

true

T/F the binding of ATP to the cross-bridge is at the same site that ADP and Pi bind?

B

An individual with a A-antigen would have _____ antibodies?

false. its through gap junctions

T/F the contractile cells of the heart are myocardial cells, and spread their action potential to other myocardial cells via autorhythmicity?

true

T/F the single layer of cells lining the lumen of arteries are endothelial cells, and contribute to blood flow regulation?

false. decrease in CO2 retention

T/F an individual who is exercising would see an increase in CO2 retention?

HR decreases, no effect on SV and vasoconstriction/dilation, and CO decrease

An increase in parasympathetic activity would have the following effect?

decrease ANP

increasing blood pressure can occur by which of the following mechanisms?

maximal cross-bridge formation

during the peak tension phase of a muscle twitch, which of the following is occurring?

right ventricle/pulmonary artery and left ventricle/aorta

During the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, blood is being ejected from the ______ to ______ and ______ to ________?

false. bound to hemoglobin

T/F the movement of oxygen is primarily carried dissolved in plasma of the blood?

decrease/in

An increase in lung volume will lead to a _____ in pressure and air will move _____ the lung?

intra-alveolar pressure

which of the following would most likely cause the greatest change to air flow in/out of the lungs?

peripheral chemoreceptors/aorta or carotid

blood oxygen content is monitored at the ______ receptors located in the _______?

decrease/decrease

If someone were at altitude, the partial pressure of O2 would _______ leading to _______ hemoglobin saturation?

increase in respiration to remove CO2 and H+ (acidity)

If our blood pH decreases, which of the following would you expect to occur?