Music Section IV

What studio company produced Pirates of the Carribean?

Disney

Movies like what, made piracy seem harmless?

Pirates of the Carribean

How many incidents of piracy did merchant vessels experience in 2024?

116 incidents (2 a week)

What symphony depicts a convicted criminal marching towards his death?

Symphonie fantastique (Fantastic symphony)

A convicted criminal marches towards his death in which movement of Symphonie fantastique?

The fourth movement

Which Princess composed marches for her brother’s army?

Prussian Princess Anna Amalia

Who was Prussian Princess Anna Amalia’s brother?

King Frederick the Great

What poet, alive during the roman empire, wrote about the Roman army’s use of musical instruments?

Virgil (70-19 BCE)

By what century did European nation develop drum signals to alert their armies?

the 16th century (1500s)

By what year did a plymouth visitor note that drums were used to assemble Plymouth’s militia?

1627

What was the earliest tone color (instrument type) used for conveying signals and commands?

percussion

Why was military music needed?

To dignify ceremonies, lift morale, and help soldiers march in step

What is the major characteristic of a “march”?

Strong, repetitive rhythms

Which European philosopher wrote Art of War (1521)?

Nicholas Machiavelli

Machiavelli notes the longstanding use of music to regulate armies, in which of his works?

Art of War (1521)

What is the purpose of a functional march?

To keep soldiers in step

What is the purpose of funeral march?

To keep marchers at a funeral in step, it is often slower

In a funeral march, what happens to percussion instruments?

Their bears are subdued.

In a funeral march, what type of rhythms are frequent?

Dotted rhythms are frequent

Funeral marches are usually in what mode (type of key).

minor modes (they sound sadder)

Funeral marches often modulate to keys how far away?

a third away, such as the mediant or submediant

What direction to notes and scale patterns move in a funeral march?

downward

How many distinct melodic strains does a funeral march have? (like all marches)

2 or more

Who was known as the “March King” because he wrote good marches?

John Philip Sousa

A funeral march was composed for which president in 1885?

Ulysses S. Grant

What type of band unit assisted with the Feast of Saint Patrick celebrations in 1766?

A fife-and-drum unit

A fife-and-drum unit assisted with which New York celebration in 1766?

Feast of Saint Patrick celebrations

What is the name of the ensemble that gave a vocal and instrumental concert in New York, 1767?

The Royal American Regiment (the 60th Foot)

In 1771, what military band gave a performance in Boston to perform English songs?

the 64th Regiment (supplemented with french hornes and oboes)

How many acts long was the 64 regiment’s performance in Boston?

3 acts long

What is a stylized march?

A representation of a march, designed to be played for public audiences

As early as which century, did the line between functional and stylized marches begin to blur?

the 16th century (1500s)

Who composed “Dead March” in 1739?

George Frideric Handel

The Padstow Lifeboat is an example of which type of march?

A stylized March, it wasnt designed for an army

How many marches did John Philip Sousa compose?

136

Who is the most famous march composer?

John Philip Sousa

What are some of John Philip Sousa’s best know marches?

Semper Fidelis (1888) The Washington Post(1889) The Stars and Stripes Forever (1896)

Who composed Semper Fidelis, The Washington Post and The Stars and Stripes Forever (1896)?

John Philip Sousa

How did John Philip Sousa start his career?

By writing for the U.S. marines, before starting his own ensemble

In the 17th century, ballet composers supported military characters with what type of music?

March-style music

In what opera did George Frideric Handel include Dead March?

Saul

What type of opera is the oratorio Saul?

A “sacred” opera, without costumes, sets, or staging

Dead March was played for whose funeral rites in Saul?

The fallen Isrealites, who fell in battle

Which 3 historical figures had "Dead March” played at their funerals?

Winston Churchill (1965), George Washington (1799) and Abraham Lincoln (1865)

Who composed Marche funebre (funeral march)?

Fryderyk Chopin

What instrument was Marche funebre composed for?

Piano

What year was Marche funebre rewritten for a marching prosession to play?

1849

Where was John F. Kennedy’s coffin transported to during his funeral prosession?

Arlington National Cemetery

Marche funebre was played at which 3 people’s funerals?

Fryderyk Chopin, John F. Kennedy, and Queen Elizabeth II (2022)

What march was adapted from a stylized march to a functional march?

Marche funebre by Fryderyk Chopin

What is the funeral march in the fourth movement of Symphonie fantastique?

“March to the Scaffold”

What degree did Hector Berlioz get?

A medical degree

Why did Hector Berlioz get a medical degree?

to satisfy his parents

When did Hector Belioz graduate with his medical degree?

June, 1824

What music school did Hector Belioz enroll at?

The Paris Conservatoire, fall of 1826

What play did Hector Belioz see during his musical studies in 1827?

Hamlet, played a by touring English theatrical company

In version of Hamlet that Hector Belioz saw, who played the female lead?

Miss Harriet Smithson

Which actor did Hector Belioz become infatuated with?

Miss Harriet Smithson

What caused Hector Belioz to begin composing at a furious pace?

Miss. Harriet Smithson

What was Miss. Harriet Smithson’s opinion of Hector Belioz?

None, she was unaware of him

Which composer’s symphonies in 1828, inspired Hector Belioz to create Symphonie Fantastique?

Beethoven

How did Hector Belioz, create a symbol of the women he loved, in his Symphonie Fantastique?

He made the symphony CYCLIC, with a repeating melody

What is the name of the repeating melody in Symphonie Fantastique?

Idée fixe (fixed idea)

What is the premise of Symphonie Fantastique? (plot)

An artist take an opium drug and imagines his beloved everywhere he turns.

In modern psychiatry, what term is used for a “"firmly held, irrational belief or idea”?

Idée fixe

Who inspired the idea of “Idée fixe” in modern psychology, by coining the term for his melody?

Hector Belioz

What are the names of the movements in Symphony Fantastique?

Movement I: “Dreams Passions”→ Movement II: “A Ball”→ Movement III: “Scene in the Country” →Movement IV: “March to the Scaffold”→ Movement V

In Symphony Fantastique, what happens to the Idée fixe in Movement I: “Dreams”?

The Idée fixe appears as a broadly sweeping theme,

In Symphony Fantastique, what happens to the Idée fixe in Movement II: “A Ball”?

It becomes a waltz melody in triple meter

In Symphony Fantastique, what happens to the Idée fixe in Movement III: “Scene in the Country”?

It is played by 2 woodwinds, who are mimicking a traditional melody piped by Swiss Cowherds

In Symphony Fantastique, what happens to the Idée fixe in Movement IV: “March to the Scaffold”?

A funeral march starts sad, then builds to an energetic peak, before the Idée fixe plays briefly.

In Symphony Fantastique, what happens to the Idée fixe in Movement V?

It plays as a distorted melody

Summarize Movement II: “A Ball”?

An artists sees a woman at a ball, that he becomes obsessed with

Summarize Movement III: “Scene in the Country?

The artist goes into the country side to forget about her, but ends up seeing her still (Idée fixe played by country instruments)

Summarize Movement IV: “March to the Scaffold”?

The artist dreams that he has killed his lover and is being marched to the guillotine. He hears the Idée fixe briefly, and it begs the question of whether the artist’s final thought are of his beloved, or if she is a ghost, watching from the crowd.

Summarize Movement V?

The artist is at a witches sabbath, a meeting a spooky characters. A distorted Idée fixe plays, implying that the artist’s beloved is part of the witches gathered

Where did Symphonie Fantastique make its first appearence?

At the Paris Conservatoire on December 5th, 1830

What award did Hector Belioz win for Symphonie Fantastique?

the Prix de Rome

What did winning the Prix de Rome in 1930, require Hector Belioz to do?

Go to Italy and study music composition there

How long did Hector Belioz spend in Italy before deciding to travel back to France?

3 weeks

Why did Hector Belioz only spend 3 weeks in Italy, before deciding to return to France?

He had received no letters from his fiancee, while in Italy and he wanted to know why

Why traveling back to France what news did Hector Belioz that outraged him?

His fiancee had married someone else

While outraged, who did Hector Belioz vow to kill?

His fiancee, her husband, and his fiancee’s mom (who didn’t like him)

What did Hector Belioz do after cooling off from his anger?

He returned back to Rome to revise Symphonie Fantastique, among other works

What did Berlioz do when he returned to Paris in 1832?

He arranged for a performance of his revises Symphonie Fantastique.

How did Hector Berlioz manage to get a ticket to Harriet Smithson?

Through a friend of a friend

How did Harriet Smithson realize that the story was about her?

Everyone in the audience kept staring at her

What was Harriet Smithson and Hector Berlioz’s courtship like?

Unconventional and turbulent

When did Harriet Smithson and Hector Berlioz get married?

In 1833

Why did Harriet Smithson and Hector Berlioz’s marriage become unhappy?

There was a language barrier, and the couple had 2 completely different artistic temperaments

How long did it take Harriet Smithson and Hector Berlioz to drift apart after marriage?

6 years

What did Berlioz do near the end of his wife’s life?

he supported her financially and remained grateful to her for inspiring him

Horseback riding is ranked among the top ___ sports for injuries, according to the National Safety council (NSC)?

top 20 sports

Horseback riders sustain less injuries on average, than other sports such as…?

Basketball, football, baseball, biking, or ATV-riding

How many horseback riders suffered injury in 2023?

40,00 riders

Horseback riding injuries will often require what?

Hospitalization

Horseback riding injuries will require hospitalization more often than injuries from which sports?

Football, skiing, and motor-racing

What percentage of horseback riders have experienced an injury at some point?

81% of rider

What percentage of horseback riders have experienced a serious injury at some point?

21% of riders

For adult horseback riders, how long is the average hospitalization?

five to six days