Modern States

What are the four main functions of modern states?

Executive, Legislative, Administrative, Judicial.

What defines a political institution?

Deliberate, formalized, and expected patterns of behavior that are written down and clearly explained.

What is an example of a breakdown of an institution?

Changing classroom requirements or degree rules.

What is the key characteristic of hegemonic states?

Focus on one individual’s power rather than collective power.

What is the distinction between state and government?

The state provides structure (constitution, laws, systems), while the government runs it on behalf of the citizens.

What is a modern state defined as?

A monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.

What is sovereignty?

The recognized leadership or organization within a state that defines its boundaries and authority.

What role does the Legislative branch serve?

Making laws, including who makes them, why, and how.

What is the primary function of the Executive branch?

Implementing and executing laws passed by legislators.

What is the role of the Administrative branch?

Movement and organization of information, ensuring decisions are carried out effectively.

What is the primary role of the Judicial branch?

Interprets and enforces the law when its meaning is unclear.

What are the consequences of privatization in administrative services?

It is not bound by constitutional accountability and prioritizes profit over constitutional principles.

What is Institutionalism in the context of state theories?

Focuses on structures and rules (institutions) that guide political behavior.

What does Pluralism assert about society?

Society consists of many competing groups, and government reflects the balance of power among those groups.

What is Elitism theory?

Argues that all societies are led by a unified elite, a small ruling group of military, economic, or political leaders.

What does Socialism emphasize?

The state assumes responsibility for citizens’ welfare, focusing on health, education, and equality.

What stance does The New Right take on state involvement in public services?

Argues the state should stay out of providing public services and focus mainly on policing and defense.