DNA Extraction and Amplification

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology related to DNA extraction and amplification, based on lecture notes.

DNA Extraction

The process where DNA is separated from proteins, membranes, and other cellular material.

Lysis

The step in DNA extraction aimed at disrupting cells to release nucleic acid into a lysate.

Precipitation

The process of separating freed DNA from cellular debris using high concentrations of salt and alcohol.

Purification

The method of rinsing DNA samples with alcohol to clear remaining cellular debris and unwanted materials.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

A technique to create multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence in vitro.

RT-PCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction)

A method that measures the amount of DNA after each cycle through fluorescent dyes.

LAMP (Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification)

A nucleic acid amplification technology that operates at a constant temperature, allowing for DNA replication without denaturation.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)

A detergent used in chemical lysis to disrupt cell membranes and denature proteins.

Taq DNA Polymerase

A thermostable DNA polymerase used in PCR that can withstand high temperatures.

Gel Electrophoresis

A technique used to visualize DNA fragments by separating them through a gel matrix under electric current.

Ethidium Bromide

A chemical used for staining DNA during gel electrophoresis, which is known for its carcinogenic properties.

SYBR Green

A fluorescent dye used in real-time PCR that binds to double-stranded DNA and emits fluorescence.

Amplification

The process of making copies of a specific DNA region for analysis or other applications.

Enzymatic lysis

A method that utilizes enzymes to disrupt cells and tissues to release DNA.

Isopropanol

An alcohol used in the precipitation step of DNA extraction to cause DNA to aggregate.