Osteology Quiz 3

palatine bones

form the posterior part of the hard palate

horizontal plate of palatine

forms the posterior portion of the hard palate

posterior nasal spine

superior surface; middle triangle on end of horizontal plate

greater palatine foramen (canal)

big hole by back of molars

Vomer

"plow shape" midline bone dividing nasal cavity

ethmoid bone

forms part of the posterior portion of the nose, the orbit, and the floor of the cranium

Cribiform plate

roof of nasal cavities (little drain holes)

crista galli

perpendicular projection into endocranial cavity

perpendicular plate

midline projection bellow cribriform plate

lacrimals

square outlined by sutures in lacrimal fossa

nasal bones

small thin rectangular bones bellow glabellar region (make up "nose ridge"

frontal process of zygomatic

articulates with frontal bone

temporal process of zygomatic bone

articulates with the temporal process of zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch

maxillary process of zygomatic

articulates with zygomatic process of maxillary bone

zygomaticofacial foramen

an opening in the zygomatic bone on lateral surface

masseteric origin

roughened, expanded inferior edge of the bone, extends from the zygomaticomaxillary to the temporozygomatic suture

sphenoid bone

Bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together

body of sphenoid bone

central section of sphenoid

optic canals

openings in the bases of the lesser wings through which the optic nerves enter the orbits to serve the eyes

sella turcicia

"turkish saddle" grove in body of sphenoid

pituitary fossa

deep pit in "saddle"/sella turcicia

dorsom sellae

"back of saddle"

clinoid process (anterior and posterior)

knobs on hands and back of saddle

sphenoidal sinuses

Central part of sphenoid bone is riddled with air cavities.

greater wings of sphenoid

project laterally from the sphenoid body, forming parts of the middle cranial fossa and the orbits

lesser wings of sphenoid

the smaller , upper wings from the posterior edge of the anterior cranial fossa

superior orbital fissure

gap/slit/fissure under lesser wing shelf endocranially (can see in orbit as long slit)

foramen rotundum (sphenoid)

hole under superior orbital fissure

foramen ovale

oval shaped hole under foramen rotundum

foramen spinosum

hole lateral/posterior to ovale (super tiny)

orbital surface of sphenoid

the portion of the sphenoid behind each eye socket/orbit

pterigoid processes

inferior "legs" of spenoid split into two plates (later sides of posterior nasal apature

lateral/medial pterygoid plates

thin vertical plates making up pterigoid processes

body of mandible

the horizontal portion of the lower jaw

mental foramen of mandible

one of two holes located on the anterior surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels.

mylohyloid line

Attachment for mylohyloid muscle, separates sublingual/submandibular fossae

submandibular fossa

hollow portion on medial corpus, inferior to mylohyloid line in premolar region

sublingual fossa

superior to mylohyoid line, occupied by sublingual gland

mandibular symphysis

where mandible formed by fusion of right and left processes

mental spines

are small ridges on the inner surface of the mandible; serve for attachment of certain chin muscles

digastric fossae

points of attachment for anterior digastric muscle

mental protuberance/eminence/tubercle

chin at base of body

ascending ramus

Upright portion of the jaw bone

mandibular condyle

Articulation point of the mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

condylar neck

slightly narrowed area just beneath the condyle

coronoid process

thin triangular extension of mandible bone

mandibular notch

ridge/depression from coronoid process

angle (gonial angle)

angle at the posterior border where the ramus and the body meet

masseteric tuberosity/fossa

rough area & hollow on lateral surface of angle & ramus where masseter muscle attaches

mandibular foramen

medial surface of ramus (exits via mental foramen)

mylohyoid groove (sulcus)

Crosses the medial surface of the ramus, running anteroinferiorly from the edge of the mandibular foramen

pterygoid tuberosities

Roughened patches on the medial surface of the angle for attachment of the Medial Pterygoid muscles

upper incisors

lower incisors

upper canines

lower canines

upper premolars

lower premolars

upper molars

lower molars