DRRR Summative Assessment

Elastic Rebound Theory

The theory that states that rocks can absorb tension up to a certain degree.

Harry Fielding Reid

The man who proposed the elastic rebound theory

Tectonic Movements

These movements in the mantle cause stress to the lithosphere

Epicenter

Area on the surface of the earth directly above the origin of the earthquake.

Epicenter

It is the area of the earthquake where the most violent shaking occur.

Focus/Hypocenter

It is the area of the earthquake where the strongest energy release

Normal fault

This type of fault is formed by a divergent boundary

Reverse Fault

This type of fault is created by a convergent boundary

Strike - slip fault

A fault formed by a transform boundary

Magnitude

The measure of how much energy an earthquake released

Magnitude

It measures an earthquake “objectively”

Intensity

It measures an earthquake “subjectively”

Intensity

Measures an earthquake based on the strength of the shaking

Richter/Moment Magnitude

What types of scales are used to measure Magnitude?

Moment Mercalli Scale

What scale is used to measure intensity?

Intensity

This measure for an earthquake has an upper limit

Magnitude

This measure for an earthquake has no upper limit

Soil Liquefaction

It is when ground shaking results in heavier soil moving downward and less dense groundwater moves upward, causing soil to lose consistency.

Ground rupture

This an earthquake induced hazard which is characterized by a crack on the Earth’s surface

Ground subsidence

This an earthquake induced hazard which is characterized by the lowering of the ground level

Mass wasting

Another term for landslides

Material + movement

The naming schematic for the types of landslides

Pyroclastic flow

It is a volcano related hazard, it is made of volcanic ash and has, volcanic materials.

Ash fall

rain of airborne volcanic ash, can settle even after an eruption

lava bomb

A ballistic projectile of semi-molten lava.

lava block

A ballistic projectile of solid-molten lava.

tephra

Another term for pyroclastic debris

Tsunami

A natural hazard that comes from underground earthquakes or volcanic eruptions

Roaring sound, unusual drop or rise in tides, earthquake, shaking near coastline

What are some signs of a tsunami?

Landslides

It is the downslope movement of soil, earth, rock structures, debris, etc. due to gravity.

Landslides

It occur when parallel forces of friction and gravity are disrupted

Safe learning facilities

School disaster management

DRRR in education

What are three requirements of a school according to the NDRRMC mandate?

Sun

What is the main driver of energy for natural phenomena on Earth?

No

Does an HPA always weaken an LPA?

True

True or false: making landfall will always weaken storms/typhoons

Hurricanes

What are typhoons called in the North Atlantic or North America?

Sun
Wind
Moisture/Water

What are three notable elements of hydrometeorological hazards?

Lightning

A giant spark of electricity in the atmosphere between clouds, the air, or the ground

eye

The part of the tropical cyclone with the area of lowest air pressure

Eyewall

It is a part of a tropical cyclone that consists of a ring of tall thunderstorms, it is around the eye

Rainbands

It is located around the eyewall, it consists of spiral bands of clouds that may include rain

Eyewall

It is part of the tropical cyclone with the highest sustained winds

Latitude, altitude, topography, proximity to water, ocean currents, anthropogenic influences

These are factors that affect climate

burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, farming livestock, intense agriculture

these are contributors to climate change

Fluvial

This type of flood occurs near bodies of water

Pluvial

This type of flood occur independently of bodies of water

Coastal floods

This type of flood is the result of storm surges

Heat, chemical chain reaction, oxygen, fuel

These 4 are the parts of the fire tetrahedron

conduction, convection, radiation

These are the types of heat transfer

Type A

This type of material is normal flammable material, like wood, wool, clothes, fabric

Water

This can be used to extinguish a type A fire

1996

The Ozone disco tragedy occured on this year

Type b fire

This is a type of fire that occurs due to liquid or gas

Type c fire

This is a type of fire that occurs due to electrical causes, such as OVERLOAD

type d fire

this type of fire is caused by flammable metals

type K

this type of fired is caused by cooking media or lipids

2nd degree

It is the degree of a burn that affects the dermis and epidermis

3rd degree burn

It is the degree of a burn that affects the subcutaneous layer

Stratovolcano/Composite

This type of volcano is known for its cone shape and violent eruptions

Lava dome

It is a type of volcano that has no slope, it is usually underwater

Complex

It is a type of volcano that is made up of multiple vents

Cinder cone volcano

It is a volcano made of gentle slopes, slow oozing lava

Vent

It is the defining characteristic of volcanoes