ANTR 350 Unit 5 Learning Objectives

Vocabulary flashcards relating to the digestive and reproductive systems as covered in ANTR 350 Unit 5.

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

A continuous hollow tube through which food/chyme passes through as it travels through the body from mouth to anus.

Accessory organs

Organs that aid the digestion process and metabolize the nutrients eventually absorbed in the body.

Ingestion

The act of consuming food and liquids.

Motility

Voluntary and involuntary muscular contractions that move solid and liquid materials through the gastrointestinal tract.

Secretion

The process by which substances are produced and released from the digestive tract to aid in food digestion.

Absorption

The process by which nutrients from food are taken into the body's circulatory system.

Elimination

The process of expelling indigestible substances from the body.

Trigeminus nerve

A cranial nerve responsible for sensory and motor functions in the face, including innervation of the teeth.

Parotid gland

The largest salivary gland located near the ear that secretes saliva into the mouth.

Uvula

A small fleshy extension at the back of the throat that hangs above the soft palate.

Cecum

The beginning of the large intestine, located at the junction of the small intestine and colon.

Rectum

The final section of the large intestine, connecting to the anal canal.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs.

Mesentery

A double layer of peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall.

Hydrocele

A swelling in the scrotum caused by the accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

An enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary difficulties.

Ectopic pregnancy

A condition in which a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the uterine tube.

Pap test/smear

A procedure used to screen for cervical cancer by sampling cells from the cervix.

Micturition

The physiological process of expelling urine from the bladder.

Vestibule

The space between the labia minora in females that contains the openings of the urethra and vagina.

Sphincters

Muscle rings that control the flow of substances through an opening, such as the internal and external anal sphincters.

Innervation

The supply of nerves to a specific body part.