Paper 1 - Equations

How do you calculate Relative Atomic Mass (Mᵣ)

Sum of (Isotope abundance x Isotope mass number) / sum of abundance of all isotopes

How do you calculate uncertainty?

Range of Results / 2

How do you calculate mass?

Mass (g) = Concentration (g/dm3) x Volume (dm3)

How do you calculate moles?

Mass (g) = Moles / Mᵣ

How do you calculate concentration?

Concentration (mol/dm3) = Moles (mol) / volume (dm3)

How do you calculate percentage yield?

Percent Yield = actual mass of product made (g) / maximum theoretical mass of product (x100)

How do you calculate atom economy?

Atom Economy = Relative atomic mass of desired product / Sum of all relative atomic mass of all reactants

How do you calculate amount in moles?

Amount in moles (mol) = Volume / Molar Volume

How do you calculate change in energy?

Change in energy = Bonds Broken - Bonds made

How do you calculate the rate of a reaction?

Rate of reaction = reactants used / time OR products made / time