Chemistry

breaking bonds

requires input of energy; endothermic

forming bonds

releases energy; exothermic

enthalpy

net energy change

collision theory

for a reaction to occur reactant particles must: 1 collide 2 have proper orientation 3 have sufficient energy

Linear

2 electron domains; 2 bond domains - 0 lone pairs; 180 degree bond angles

Trigonal planar

3 electron domains; 3 bond domains - 0 lone pairs; 120 degree bond angles

Bent

3 electron domains; 2 bond domains - 1 lone pairs; 120 degree bond angles

Tetrahedral

4 electron domains; 4 bond domains - 0 lone pairs; 109.5 degree bond angles

Trigonal pyramidal

4 electron domains; 3 bond domains - 1 lone pairs; <109.5 degree bond angles

Bent

4 electron domains; 2 bond domains - 2 lone pairs; 109.5 degree bond angles

Trigonal bipyramidal

5 electron domains; 5 bond domains - 0 lone pairs; 120 and 90 degree bond angles

See saw

5 electron domains; 4 bond domains - 1 lone pairs; 120 degree bond angles

T shaped

5 electron domains; 3 bond domains - 2 lone pairs; 90 degree bond angles

Linear

5 electron domains; 2 bond domains - 3 lone pairs; 120 degree bond angles

Octahedral

6 electron domains; 6 bond domains - 0 lone pairs; 90 degree bond angles

Square pyramidal

6 electron domains; 5 bond domains - 1 lone pairs; 90 degree bond angles

Square planar

6 electron domains; 4 bond domains - 2 lone pairs; 90 degree bond angles

microwave radiation

molecular rotational levels

infrared radiation

molecular vibrational levels

UV + visible radiation

electronic energy levels

what is soluble in water

Na, K, NH4, NO3