Properties of Gases

Flashcards summarizing key concepts related to the properties of gases, including laws, theories, and definitions.

Ideal Gas Law

The formula PV = nRT, which relates pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas.

Effusion

The escape of gas molecules through a tiny hole into an evacuated space, such as a tire puncture.

Diffusion

The spread of one substance throughout another, like perfume diffusing in a room.

Graham's Law of Effusion

The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density (or molar mass) when compared at the same temperature and pressure.

Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

A theory that explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion, where neither attractive nor repulsive forces exist between them.

Root-Mean-Square Speed (urms)

The speed of a gas molecule that represents the square root of the average of the squares of the speeds of the molecules in a gas.

Boyle's Law

The volume of a fixed quantity of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure, provided the temperature remains constant.

Gay-Lussac's Law

The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when held at constant volume.

Charles's Law

The volume of a fixed quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, at constant pressure.

Dalton's Law

The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas in the mixture.

Absolute Zero

The theoretical temperature at which all particle motion stops, equivalent to 0 Kelvin.