CNS Drugs, Sedatives, Opioids, Anesthesia & Euthanasia Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering CNS drugs, analgesics, anesthetics, and euthanasia agents based on the provided cheat sheet.

Acepromazine

A phenothiazine tranquilizer used for sedation that produces hypotension and hypothermia but provides NO analgesia.

Diazepam

A controlled benzodiazepine used for sedation, muscle relaxation, and emergency seizure control that may cause ataxia and excitement.

Midazolam

A water-soluble benzodiazepine used for sedation and induction that may cause respiratory depression.

Dexmedetomidine

An Alpha2 agonist providing sedation and analgesia; commonly causes bradycardia and is reversed with atipamezole.

Xylazine

An Alpha2 agonist used for sedation in large animals to which ruminants are very sensitive; side effects include vomiting and bradycardia.

Atipamezole

The specific reversal agent for Alpha2 agonists like dexmedetomidine and xylazine.

Morphine

A strong opioid used for pain control that can cause vomiting and respiratory depression.

Hydromorphone

An opioid used for pain control that is more potent than morphine and commonly causes panting.

Butorphanol

An opioid used for mild pain and as a good antitussive (cough suppressant) that also provides sedation.

Fentanyl

A potent opioid used for severe pain, commonly administered in patch form, which can cause respiratory depression.

Naloxone

An opioid antagonist that reverses respiratory depression, sedation, and analgesia; works in seconds when given IV.

Phenobarbital

An anticonvulsant used for long-term seizure control that requires monitoring of blood levels and liver damage.

Propofol

A rapid IV induction anesthetic agent that can cause apnea and hypotension and requires strict aseptic handling.

Doxapram

A respiratory stimulant used in neonatal or emergency situations; overdose may cause tremors or seizures.

Gabapentin

A medication used for anxiety, chronic pain, and pre-visit calming; side effects include sedation and ataxia.

Pentobarbital

A controlled substance used for euthanasia that causes CNS depression, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.

Neuroleptanalgesia

A combination of an opioid and a sedative or tranquilizer to improve restraint and anesthesia induction.

Potassium bromide

An anticonvulsant medication that should be used cautiously in cats.

Guaifenesin

An agent that provides muscle relaxation in horses but provides NO analgesia.

Isoflurane

A common and affordable inhalant anesthetic agent.

Sevoflurane

An inhalant anesthetic agent characterized by faster induction and recovery than isoflurane.

Nitrous oxide

A weak inhalant anesthetic typically used in combination with other agents.

Neuromuscular Blockers

Agents that cause paralysis ONLY without providing analgesia or unconsciousness; patients must be ventilated.

Alpha2 Agonists

A class of drugs including dexmedetomidine and xylazine that provide sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation but cause bradycardia and vasoconstriction.

Phenothiazines

The drug class containing Acepromazine which produces tranquilization only with no analgesic effects.