Unit 13: Civil Rights

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Last updated 7:17 PM on 5/29/26
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56 Terms

1
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"separate but equal"

Laws in the South making African Americans drink from different water fountains, eat at different restaurants, and not be able to sit on the front of the bus.

<p>Laws in the South making African Americans drink from different water fountains, eat at different restaurants, and not be able to sit on the front of the bus.</p>
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Jackie Robinson

The first African American to play Major League Baseball. He was the first man to integrate sports. Later on, black music and actors became popular.

<p>The first African American to play Major League Baseball. He was the first man to integrate sports. Later on, black music and actors became popular.</p>
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Martin Luther King Jr.

The leader of the civil rights movement. He gave his "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington.

<p>The leader of the civil rights movement. He gave his "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington.</p>
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Brown vs. Board

The Supreme Court decision saying "separate but equal" was against the law. A little girl had to walk 10 miles to get to her all black school when there was a white school next to her house. This integrated the schools.

<p>The Supreme Court decision saying "separate but equal" was against the law. A little girl had to walk 10 miles to get to her all black school when there was a white school next to her house. This integrated the schools.</p>
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Little Rock and Central High School

This was the first high school to be integrated. 9 African Americans started going to the all white high school. The military was there to protect them.

<p>This was the first high school to be integrated. 9 African Americans started going to the all white high school. The military was there to protect them.</p>
6
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Rosa Parks

The woman who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat in the front of the bus to a white man.

<p>The woman who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat in the front of the bus to a white man.</p>
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Montgomery Bus Boycotts

African Americans in Alabama decided not to ride buses because they were not allowed to sit in the front of the bus. After losing a lot of money, the owners of the buses decided to let African American sit in the front. Buses were integrated because of this.

<p>African Americans in Alabama decided not to ride buses because they were not allowed to sit in the front of the bus. After losing a lot of money, the owners of the buses decided to let African American sit in the front. Buses were integrated because of this.</p>
8
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Sit-ins

African Americans could not sit at the same front counter in restaurants as white people. To protest, black and white people would sit at the counter. They would get yelled at and food would be thrown on them. Because of this event, black people could sit where ever they wanted.

<p>African Americans could not sit at the same front counter in restaurants as white people. To protest, black and white people would sit at the counter. They would get yelled at and food would be thrown on them. Because of this event, black people could sit where ever they wanted.</p>
9
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Freedom Riders

A group of black and white people that got on buses and traveled south to Alabama to protest the segregation of buses. When they got to Alabama they were met by people who were very angry, and set a bus on fire!

<p>A group of black and white people that got on buses and traveled south to Alabama to protest the segregation of buses. When they got to Alabama they were met by people who were very angry, and set a bus on fire!</p>
10
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Protest in Birmingham

This was a protest that showed dogs attacking innocent black people, police spraying people with water, and included the arrest of Martin Luther King. Later, a church was bombed and four girls were killed.

<p>This was a protest that showed dogs attacking innocent black people, police spraying people with water, and included the arrest of Martin Luther King. Later, a church was bombed and four girls were killed.</p>
11
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The March on Washington

Over 200,000 people were at this event to convince the government to pass civil rights laws. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

<p>Over 200,000 people were at this event to convince the government to pass civil rights laws. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.</p>
12
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"I Have a Dream" speech

Given at the March on Washington and written by Martin Luther King Jr., this said that one day black and white boys and girls would hold hands as one.

<p>Given at the March on Washington and written by Martin Luther King Jr., this said that one day black and white boys and girls would hold hands as one.</p>
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Voting Rights Act of 1965

The laws passed that said you didn't have to pay or pass a test to vote. 1.5 million African Americans were registered after this event.

<p>The laws passed that said you didn't have to pay or pass a test to vote. 1.5 million African Americans were registered after this event.</p>
14
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Integration

The term used when two different people come together.

<p>The term used when two different people come together.</p>
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separate

The term used to describe two things that are apart from each other.

<p>The term used to describe two things that are apart from each other.</p>
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Martyr

Someone who makes great sacrifices for a cause.

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Poll Tax

A tax adults had to pay so they could vote.

<p>A tax adults had to pay so they could vote.</p>
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Segregation

Separating people based upon a number of factors including Race, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, etc.

<p>Separating people based upon a number of factors including Race, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, etc.</p>
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Hate Crime

Various crimes committed because of prejudice towards the victim(s).

<p>Various crimes committed because of prejudice towards the victim(s).</p>
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Discrimination

Treating groups unjustly different based upon a variety of factors including Gender, Race, Sexual Orientation.

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Civil Rights

Non-political basic rights of liberty guaranteed by the Constitution.

<p>Non-political basic rights of liberty guaranteed by the Constitution.</p>
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Rosa Parks

Arrested for not giving up her bus seat to a white man; prompted the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

<p>Arrested for not giving up her bus seat to a white man; prompted the Montgomery Bus Boycott.</p>
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Thurgood Marshall

First African-American Supreme Court Justice.

<p>First African-American Supreme Court Justice.</p>
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Integration

Process of bringing people of different races together.

<p>Process of bringing people of different races together.</p>
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Martin Luther King, jr.

Civil rights leader who opposed discrimination against African-Americans by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations; was assassinated in Memphis, TN.

<p>Civil rights leader who opposed discrimination against African-Americans by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations; was assassinated in Memphis, TN.</p>
26
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Civil Disobedience

Opposing a law one considers unjust by peacefully disobeying it and accepting the punishment.

<p>Opposing a law one considers unjust by peacefully disobeying it and accepting the punishment.</p>
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Sit In

Protest in which people sit in a place and refuse to move until their demands are met.

<p>Protest in which people sit in a place and refuse to move until their demands are met.</p>
28
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Malcom X

African-American leader and supporter of the Nation of Islam; supported black separatism, black pride, and the use of violence for self-protection.

<p>African-American leader and supporter of the Nation of Islam; supported black separatism, black pride, and the use of violence for self-protection.</p>
29
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Affirmative Action

A policy to hire and promote more minorities and women.

<p>A policy to hire and promote more minorities and women.</p>
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NAACP

Organization founded in 1909 to work for racial equality.

<p>Organization founded in 1909 to work for racial equality.</p>
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Brown v. Board of Education

Supreme Court case which led to the eventual desegregation of schools in 1954.

<p>Supreme Court case which led to the eventual desegregation of schools in 1954.</p>
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Civil Rights Act of 1964

Outlawed discrimination in employment on the basis of race, sex, or religion.

<p>Outlawed discrimination in employment on the basis of race, sex, or religion.</p>
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Segregation

Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences.

<p>Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences.</p>
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Discrimination

Treating members of different races, religions, ethnic groups differently.

<p>Treating members of different races, religions, ethnic groups differently.</p>
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Freedom Rides

Civil rights campaign in which African-American and white protesters traveled by bus through the South to desegregate bus stations.

<p>Civil rights campaign in which African-American and white protesters traveled by bus through the South to desegregate bus stations.</p>
36
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Montgomery Bus Boycott

Protests in 1955-1956 by African-Americans against racial segregation in bus system of Montgomery, Alabama.

<p>Protests in 1955-1956 by African-Americans against racial segregation in bus system of Montgomery, Alabama.</p>
37
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Little Rock Nine

Nine African-American students who would be admitted to a white school after integration ruling.

<p>Nine African-American students who would be admitted to a white school after integration ruling.</p>
38
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Jim Crow Laws

Limited voting rights of African-Americans, such as literacy tests, the grandfather clause, and poll taxes.

<p>Limited voting rights of African-Americans, such as literacy tests, the grandfather clause, and poll taxes.</p>
39
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Plessy v. Ferguson

1896 Supreme Court ruling that segregation in public facilities was legal as long as the facilities were equal ("separate but equal").

<p>1896 Supreme Court ruling that segregation in public facilities was legal as long as the facilities were equal ("separate but equal").</p>
40
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Prejudice

An opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.

<p>An opinion or strong feeling formed without careful thought or regard to the facts.</p>
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Voting Rights Act of 1965

Civil rights law that banned literacy tests and other practices that discouraged African-Americans from voting.

<p>Civil rights law that banned literacy tests and other practices that discouraged African-Americans from voting.</p>
42
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Emmett Till

14 year old Chicago boy who was murdered in Mississippi after whistling at white woman.

<p>14 year old Chicago boy who was murdered in Mississippi after whistling at white woman.</p>
43
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Boycott

A refusal to buy or use goods and services.

<p>A refusal to buy or use goods and services.</p>
44
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Earl Warren

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Brown v. Board of Education was ruled upon.

<p>Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Brown v. Board of Education was ruled upon.</p>
45
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Earl Warren

Governor of California who signed a desegregation order in his state.

<p>Governor of California who signed a desegregation order in his state.</p>
46
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Herbert Hill

Labor Director for the NAACP, pushed labor unions and Hollywood to desegregate and give real opportunities to advance for African Americans

47
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Orval Faubus

Governor of Arkansas who did not want integration in public schools

<p>Governor of Arkansas who did not want integration in public schools</p>
48
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Thurgood Marshall

NAACP legal counsel who presented the Brown vs Board of Education case and then later became the first African American Supreme Court Justice

<p>NAACP legal counsel who presented the Brown vs Board of Education case and then later became the first African American Supreme Court Justice</p>
49
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Civil Rights Act of 1964

"Law that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin"

<p>"Law that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin"</p>
50
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Jackie Robinson

First African-American MLB player.

<p>First African-American MLB player.</p>
51
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Elizabeth Eckford

A student who was part of the Little Rock 9 attending Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas and had to walk through the hostile white crowd by herself

<p>A student who was part of the Little Rock 9 attending Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas and had to walk through the hostile white crowd by herself</p>
52
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Dwight D Eisenhower

President in 1957 who sent troops into Arkansas to suppress mobs in the Central High School desegregation issue

<p>President in 1957 who sent troops into Arkansas to suppress mobs in the Central High School desegregation issue</p>
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Elijah Muhammad

Leader of the Nation of Islam for many years.

<p>Leader of the Nation of Islam for many years.</p>
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Rosa Parks

This person's arrest instigated the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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John Lewis

Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and now a US Representative from GA

<p>Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and now a US Representative from GA</p>
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John F Kennedy

President in 1960 who began civil rights initiatives and played a role with student who wanted to enroll in the University of Mississippi in 1962

<p>President in 1960 who began civil rights initiatives and played a role with student who wanted to enroll in the University of Mississippi in 1962</p>