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shell
a thin, curved plate structure, shaped to transmit applied forces by compressive, tensile, and shear stresses acting in the plane of the surface
thin shell
a shell structure constructed of reinforced concrete

translational surface
a surface generated by sliding a plane curve along a straight line or over another plane curve
membrane stresses
the compressive, tensile, and shear stresses acting in the plane of the surface of a shell structure
barrel shell
a rigid cylindrical shell structure

cylindrical surface
a surface generated by sliding a straight line along a plane curve, or vice versa
elliptical paraboloid
a surface generated by sliding a vertical parabola with downward curvature along a perpendicular parabola with downward curvature

hyperbolic paraboloid
a surface generated by sliding a parabola with downward curvature along a parabola with upward curvature, or by sliding a straight-line segment with its ends on two skew lines; also called "hypar"

paraboloid
a surface all of whose intersections by planes are either parabolas and ellipses or parabolas and hyperbolas
saddle surface
a surface having an upward curvature in one direction and a downward curvature in the perpendicular direction
anticlastic
having opposite curvatures at a given point

ruled surface
a surface generated by the motion of a straight line
conoid
a ruled surface generated by sliding a straight line with one end on a straight-line segment and the other on a plane curve
hyperboloid
a surface having a finite center with certain plane sections that are hyperbolas and others that are circles or ellipses
rotational surface
a surface generated by rotating a plane curve about an axis
synclastic
having similar curvatures at a given point
one-sheet hyperboloid
a ruled surface generated by sliding an inclined line segment on two horizontal circles

spherical surface
a rotational surface generated by the revolution of a circular arc about a vertical axis
elliptical surface
a rotational surface generated by the revolution of a half ellipse about a vertical axis
parabolic surface
a rotational surface generated by the revolution of a parabola about a vertical axis

torus
a doughnut-shaped surface generated by the revolution of a circle about an exterior line lying in its plane
