Ecology and Cell Biology Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering ecological processes, environmental impact, cell structures, and the cell cycle based on the lecture notes.

Tapeworm

A parasite that lives within a host.

Photosynthesis

The process defined by the equation: $6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Solar Energy (Sunlight)} \rightarrow \text{Glucose} + 6O_2$, where carbon is stored in the glucose.

Cellular Respiration

The process defined by the equation: $\text{Glucose} + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$.

Greenhouse Effect

The process where gases such as $CO_2$ trap more energy from the Sun, leading to global warming.

Invasive Species

Organisms brought into an environment where they have no natural predators.

Sustainability

The challenge of not using resources faster than the environment can replace them.

Habitat Fragmentation

The breaking of habitats into smaller pieces due to human development, causing problems for biodiversity.

Biodiversity

The variety of different species within an environment; high biodiversity creates a more stable ecosystem.

Conservation and Mitigation

Human efforts to protect habitats and take care of ecosystems.

Eukaryotes

Organisms that have complex organelles and are often multicellular.

Prokaryotes

Organisms that do not have a nucleus, are often single-celled, and can have flagella or cilia.

Phospholipid Bilayer

The structure of the cell membrane, consisting of hydrophilic (polar) heads and a pair of hydrophobic (non-polar) tails.

Genetic Diversity

Variation created through the independent assortment of genes and crossing over during the creation of gametes.

S-phase

The specific part of the cell cycle where DNA replication happens to make a new set of DNA.

Somatic Cells

Diploid ($2n$) body cells, which in humans contain $46$ chromosomes.

Gametes

Haploid ($1n$) sex cells.