11.3 Political Legitimacy and Duty

legitimacy

what gives rulers their authority, and what rights, if any, do citizens have

devine rule

monarchs are chosen by divine authority and therefore are not answerable to the people

when did divine rule begin to decline?

protestant reformation

leviathan

explores how there was no check on violence before establishment of political authority

what does John Locke defend?

separation of church and state

natural law

human kind is granted rationality by god and can use that rationality to determine moral laws

natural liberty

grows out of natural law

civil liberty

product of governance by a commonwealth

what does John Locke think the goal of government must be?

the good of society

legitimacy descriptive

explanation of authority

legitimacy normative

justification for authority

communitarianism

people’s values and worldviews are contingent on their social environment

what do communitarians deny?

notion of universal values

principles at the heart of communitarianism

humans need social interaction, societies have moral norms that are enforced by members of the community, people have not only rights but responsibilities

ahimsa

doctrine of non-harming from Gandhi

satyagraha

embodying or hold to the truth - passive, nonviolent resistance