LS5-7: Reproduction

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to meiosis and mitosis.

Mitosis

The division of the nucleus of a cell resulting in two identical daughter cells. This is necessary for asexual reproduction.

Meiosis

A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, typically used in the production of gametes.

Asexual Reproduction

Process of reproduction resulting in identical organisms, created by one parent using mitosis.

Sexual Reproduction

Physical interaction to reproduce involving two parents, resulting in genetic variation, using meiosis to create sperm or eggs.

Chromosomes

Strands of DNA that carry genetic information, with a specific number of pairs in different species.

Chromatid

One of two identical copies of DNA making up a duplicated chromosome. After meiosis, each of four daughter cells contains one chromatid.

Allele

A form of a gene that can occupy a specific position on a chromosome and can result in different traits.

Gene

A unit of heredity information found on DNA, with one allele inherited from each parent.

Haploid

A cell containing one complete set of chromosomes, half the number found in diploid cells - produced during meiosis.

Diploid

A cell that contains both complete pairs of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent.

Daughter Cell

A cell formed as a result of cell division, either through mitosis or meiosis.

Gamete

A mature haploid reproductive cell, such as a sperm or an egg, involved in sexual reproduction. Contains half the genetic material necessary to form a new organism.

Zygote

A fertilized egg formed by the union of two gametes, restoring the diploid chromosome number.

Cell Cycle

The series of phases that a cell goes through from one division to the next, including growth, DNA replication, and mitosis.