Aeneid book 12 Vocab - From Haverford Bridge

Turnus –ī m.

the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

ut or utī

so that, 6.553, et al.; purpose; in order that, that, 1.685, et al.; with subj. for inf. and acc., that, 11.269.

īnfringō –ere –frēgī –frāctus

to break in; break, 12.387; (fig.), to break down, subdue, 5.784; dishearten, paralyze, 9.499. (in and frangō)

adversus –a –um

turned toward or against; before, in front, opposite, 1.166; opposing, 3.38; against the wind, 12.370; contrary, 2.416; toward, to meet, 6.684; (subst.), adversus, ī, m., an enemy, 9.761; adversum, ī, n.; in adversum, opposite, 8.237; pl., adversa, ōrum, n., misfortunes, accidents, 9.172.

Mārs Mārtis m.

Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

Latīnus (Lātius) –a –um

the people of Latium; the Latins, 12.823, et al.

dēficiō dēficere dēfēcī dēfectus

to make off from; free one’s self from; desert, leave, forsake, 6.196; fail, be wanting, 2.505; be exhausted, fail; give way, sink, 6.354; faint, 4.689; to be broken down, prostrated, sick at heart, 11.231; to be depressed, discouraged, 12.2; (pass.), dēfit, fierī, to be wanting.

videō vidēre vīdī vīsus

to see or perceive, in all senses of the words, freq.; see to it, look to it; determine, 10.744; (pass.), vidērī, to be seen, 2.461, et al.; to seem, appear, 1.396, et al.; (impers.), vidētur, vīsum est, it seems to one, seems good, proper, is the will of; one thinks, judges, 2.428, et al.

suus –a –um

his, her, its, their; his own, etc., 6.641, et al.; proper, appropriate, peculiar; fitting, 5.54; favorable, friendly, propitious, 5.832; emphatic for ēius, 4.633. (suī)

nunc

now, at this time, 4.283; even now; in our times, at the present time, 6.234.

prōmissum –ī n.

a promise, 2.160; a thing promised; prize, 5.386.

reposcō reposcere

to demand back, demand again; require, 11.240; demand in return, 2.139; ask, 6.530; summon, 10.374; reassert, 12.573; w. two accusatives, demand back from, 7.606.

suī sibi sē sē

of himself, herself, itself, themselves, etc., freq.; (abl. with cum), sēcum, with one's self, 4.29.

signō signāre signāvī signātus

to distinguish by a mark or symbol, 6.780; mark, mark out; indicate, designate, 2.697; inscribe, record, 3.287; of the mind, observe, mark, notice, 2.423. (sīgnum)

oculus oculī m.

an eye, 1.228, et al.; nūllīs oculīs, with unconcerned, untroubled eyes (as if without sight), 11.726.

ultrō

to the farther side; furthermore, over and above, moreover, 2.145, et al.; even, 9.127; beyond the limit of necessity; uncompelled, unasked, unimpelled; apart from all external influences, of one's self, of one's own accord or motion, voluntarily, willingly; unprompted by any words on another's part, first, 2.372; 4.304; unaddressed, 10.606; promptly, 10.282; impetuously, 12.3. (cf. ulterior)

implācābilis –e

inexorable, inflexible, 12.3.

ārdeō ārdēre ārsī ārsum

to burn; to be on fire, or in flames, 2.311, et al.; be burned, 2.581; (fig.), rage in combat, 1.491; burn with impatience, to long, 1.515; burn with love, 4.101; glow, 4.262.

attollō attollere

to lift or raise up, throw, cast up, 3.574; rear, build, 2.185; (fig.), to rouse, excite, 2.381; with se, lift one’s self or itself, 4.690; come into view, appear, 3.205; (fig.), arise, be exalted, 4.49; (pass.), attollī, to rise, 5.127. (ad and tollō)

–que

and, freq.; and indeed, 7.51; as an adversative, 4.96; –que — que, et — que, both — and, freq.; sometimes irregularly placed, 5.47, et al.; –que — et, both — and.

animus animī m.

the rational spirit or soul of man; freq., the mind, 1.464, et al.; design, intention, purpose, 4.639; mind, memory, 1.26; the heart; feeling, disposition, affection, inclination, 1.304, et al.; pl., animī, ōrum, m., lofty spirit, heroism, 6.782; daring; courage, confidence, 2.617; strength; passion; anger, rage, 1.57; arrogance, pride, 11.366; fury, 10.357; of things, life, velocity, 7.383.

Poenus –a –um

the Carthaginians, 1.302; Africans, 12.4.

quālis quāle

of what sort? what? of what aspect? 2.274; of such kind as; such as, as, 1.430; such as = many of which, 7.200; w. ubi, 2.471.

in

w. acc., into, unto, to, toward, 1.587, et al.; against, 9.424, et al.; on, upon, 5.426, et al.; in expressions of time, unto, to, for; according to, by; denoting purpose, 12.854, et al.; as, for, 11.771; in adversum, contrary, against, opposite, 8.237; in melius, for the better, 1.281; in numerum, in time or order, 8.453; in ūnum, together; in abruptum, headlong, 3.422; w. abl. of situation, in, on, over, upon, freq.; in the midst of, within, among, 1.109, et al.; for, as, 5.537; on account of, at, 10.446; in respect to, 2.541; after its noun, 6.58.

arvum arvī n.

arable land; land; a field, 1.246; soil; plain, the ground, 12.237; the shore, 2.209; pl., arva, ōrum, fields, lands, country; waters, 8.695. (arō)

saucius –a –um

wounded, 2.223; pierced, 4.1.

ille illa illud

dem. pron. (archaic, olle, 5.197, et al.), that, 6.760, et al.; that, well known, distinguished, great, 1.617; some formidable, some bold, 10.707; 11.809; as subs., he, she, it, they, freq.; ille — hīc, the one — the other, 5.430; the former — the latter, 6.395; joined to an adj. or partic. for emphasis, 1.3, et al.; ex illō, from that time, 8.268.

gravis grave

heavy, 1.728, et al.; pregnant, 1.274; ponderous, firm, 5.437; (fig.), grave, venerable, 1.151; stern, grave (gravely), 5.387; cruel, 10.630; fierce, 10.755; weighed down with years or disease; infirm, enfeebled, 2.436; grievous, hard, 6.56; painful, deep, 4.1; offensive; comp., graviōra, um, subst., n. pl., greater hardships, sufferings, 1.199.

venōr venārī venātus sum

to hunt, 4.117.

vulnus vulneris n.

a wound, 2.436, and freq.; blow, 5.433; aim, thrust, 2.529; of the mind, distress, 12.160; heart–wound, passion, 4.2; of revenge, 1.36.

pectus pectoris n.

the breast, 1.44; stomach, 5.182; (fig.), mind, 1.227; thought, 5.7; breast, heart, soul, feeling, freq.; spirit, courage, 6.261, et al.; personif.; person, soul, spirit, 2.349.

tum or tunc

then, freq.; then too; at the same time, moreover, 4.250, et al.; referring to a perf. p., 5.719; answering to, cum, cum — tum, while — at the same time; both — and, not only — but; opposed to nunc, 10.14.

dēmum

at length, at last, 1.629; at least, indeed, especially. (dē with n. superl. ending –mum, hence, perhaps meaning downmost)

moveō movēre mōvī mōtus

to set in motion; to move, freq.; to wield, 8.565; break up, 3.519; shake, 3.91; remove, 5.349; take away, 3.700; (fig.), affect, move, 1.714; influence, persuade, 3.187; excite, arouse, stir up, raise, 2.96; inspire, 7.641; disturb, trouble, 6.399; revolve, meditate, 3.34; unfold, rehearse, declare, 1.262; open up, enter upon, 7.45; sīgna movēre, break up the camp, march, advance; arma movēre, to get ready for battle, 12.16.

arma armōrum n.

arms, defensive and offensive, freq.; armor, 10.181; suits of armor, 8.565; (fig.), or warlike exploits, 1.1; conflict, 12.844; implements, equipments, instruments, utensils, 1.183; sails, 5.15; rudder, helm, 6.353; military power, warlike command, 12.192; war, conflict, 12.6; means of injury, weapons, 2.99; arma movēre (of the lion), to prepare for battle, 12.6; arma colligere, shorten sail.

leō leōnis m.

a lion, 2.722, et al.

gaudeō gaudēre gāvīsus sum

to be affected with joy; foll. by abl., to rejoice in, freq.; w. inf., 2.239, et al.

comāns –antis

hairy, 3.468; crested, 2.391; leafy, 12.413. (como –are)

excutiō excutere excussī excussum

to shake out or off, 2.224; throw or cast down, 1.115; cast out, 10.590; drive away, 3.200; expel, 7.299; shake out, uncoil, 3.267; uncoil and arrange (set the sails), 3.683; deprive of, 6.353; throw aside, break, 12.158; hurry forth, call forth, 9.68. (ex and quatiō)

cervīx cervīcis f.

the neck, including the back or nape of the neck, 1.477, et al.

torum –ī n. (also torus –ī m.)

a bed, couch, 1.708; seat, 5.388; royal seat, throne, 8.177; bank, 6.674; the swelling part of flesh; a brawny muscle.

fīgō fīgere fīxī fīxus

to fix or fasten; freq., the object in or on which, in the abl., 1.212; abl. w. prep., 6.636; acc. w. prep., 9.408; fasten up, suspend from, 3.287; hang up, 1.248; set up, establish, make, 6.622; transfix, pierce, 5.516; hurl (fix by hurling), 10.883; wound, 10.343; inscribe, 11.84.

latrō latrōnis m.

a hired servant, mercenary soldier, huntsman, 12.7.

impavidus –a –um

not afraid; fearless, intrepid, 10.717.

frangō frangere frēgī frāctus

to break, 1.104; crush, grind, 1.179; dishearten, discourage, 2.13; baffle; weaken, impair, ruin, destroy, 3.53.

tēlum tēlī n.

a missile weapon, freq.; a bolt, 1.665; shaft, arrow, 1.191; spear, lance, javelin, 1.99; weapon, 2.447; point, 12.387; blow or caestus, 5.438.

et

and, freq.; moreover, also, too, freq.; and even, and indeed; and yet; and immediately, 9.22; et — et, both — and, freq.

fremō fremere fremuī

to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

ōs ōris n.

the mouth, 1.559; visage, face, countenance, 12.101; language, speech, words, 2.423; an entrance, door, 6.53; opening, 2.482; ōs summum, the lips, 1.737; pl., ōra, features, face, visage, form, countenance, 4.499; images, 4.62; ante ōra, before one's face, 12.82.

cruentus –a –um

bloody, blood–stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.

haud or haut

not at all; not, 1.387, et al.

secus; comp. sequior –ius

following, late; otherwise, differently; nōn or haud secus, not otherwise, not less; likewise, even so, 2.382, et al.; none the less, nevertheless, 5.862; haud secus ac, nor otherwise than, just as. (comp. adv.), sētius, less, the less; haud sētius, not the less, 7.781.

accendō accendere accendī accēnsus

to set fire to, light up, enkindle, 5.4; enrage, exasperate, incense, 1.29; incite, rouse, 4.232. (ad and candō, rel. to candeō)

glīscō –ere

to grow, swell; rise, increase, rage, 12.9.

violentia –ae f.

violence, 11.354; fierceness, impetuosity, fire, passion, fury, rage, 12.9. (violentus)

sīc

in this manner; in such a manner; so, thus; explanatory, 2.440, et al.; referring to a preceding participle, 1.225.

adfor (affor) adfārī adfātus sum

to speak to; address, 1.663; beseech, supplicate, 2.700; bid adieu, farewell to, 2.644.

rēx rēgis m.

a king, freq.; chief, ruler, sovereign, 1.65; prince, 9.223.

atque or ac

and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561; repeated, atque — atque, both — and.

ita

thus, so, in such a manner, 4.533, et al.; in oaths, 9.208. (rel. to is)

turbidus –a –um

adj. (turbō), confused; mingled, foul, 6.296; dismal, dark, 6.534; whirling, 5.696; of the mind, sad, troubled, 4.353; startled, in alarm, 11.814; furious, 11.742.

īnfit

one begins; he begins to speak, 5.708, et al.

nūllus –a –um

no, not any, 1.184; unobservant, regardless, 11.725; subst., no one, nobody, none, 4.456. (nē and ūllus)

mōra mōrae f.

delay, 3.453; cessation, pause, respite, stay, 5.458; hindrance, obstacle, 1.746; bulwark, 10.428.

nihil or nīl or nihilo n.

nothing, 2.287; not at all; by no means, not, 2.402, and freq. (nē and hīlum, a trifle)

sum esse fuī futūrus

to be, as the copula between subject and predicate, freq.; to exist, be, 2.325, et al.; to pertain, belong to; one has or possesses, 3.433, et al.; (impers.), to be possible, one can, one may, 6.596; (imperat.), estō, be it so, grant, 4.35; archaic forms, pres, subj., fuam, ās, at, –ant, from fuō, 10.108; imperf. subj., forem, ēs, et, –ent, inf., fore, 1.235; rēs est alicui cum aliquō, one has a contest with one, 9.155.

quod

as to which thing; in that, that, indeed that, because; but, moreover, however, freq.; quod sī, but if, indeed if, if however, 6.133.

dictum dictī n.

a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

retrāctō retrāctāre retrāctāvī retrāctātus

to handle again; gripe or grasp again, 10.396; take up again, resume, 7.694; recall, 12.11; n., hesitate, hold back, 12.889.

ignāvus –a –um

inactive, idle, slothful, spiritless, cowardly, 12.12; of inanimate things, unoccupied, inactive.

Aeneadēs –ae m.

a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

nec

and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or –que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

quī quae quod

who, which, what? (rel.), who, which, what, that; ex quō, from which, from what time; after, 2.163, et al.; abl., quī, m., f., and n., sometimes used for the regular abl.; hence, quīcum, with whom, 11.822.

pangō pangere pepigī pactum

to fasten; strike, covenant, agree to, contract, 10.902; appoint, 11.133; devise, attempt, undertake, 8.144.

recūsō recūsāre recūsāvī recūsātus

to bring a reason against; object; reject, decline, 5.417; refuse, 2.607; shrink back, recoil, 5.406. (re and causa)

congredior congredī congressus sum

to step, go together; encounter, 1.475; join battle; proceed to battle, 12.13. (com– and gradior)

ferō ferre tulī lātus

to bear, bring, carry, 1.702; bear away, 2.374; bring against, 12.465; carry, drive, 1.536; bear, bring forth, breed; produce, give, 1.605; conduct, lead, 6.295; offer, 3.19; aim, 12.299; cast, throw, 2.570; move, 3.490; induce, cause, attend, 5.356; suffer, allow, 2.94; take away, 2.555; destroy, 2.600; bring, afford, 1.463; grant, put, 3.145; render, make, 3.529; derive, have (others supply sē w. ferēbat), 11.341; bear, suffer, endure, 2.131; carry or lift, in praises, exalt, extol; bring tidings, report, 1.645; bring to light, disclose, 2.158; propose, 10.150; relate, tell, say, 2.230; call, 7.208; impel, prompt, 6.675; direct, 2.34; require, 11.345; mē, tē, sē ferre, to bear, carry, present one’s self; move, stalk, 8.199; return, 7.492; go, 2.456; appear, 1.503; rise, 6.241; rush, 2.672; boast, 5.373; (pass.), ferrī, to be borne, carried, presented; to be rendered, to be, 4.110; rush, hurry, hasten, 2.337; ride, 5.587; march, 11.530; sail, 3.16; p., ferēns, of the wind, blowing; favoring, 4.430; sīgna ferre, to move the standards, move on to war, advance, 8.498; ferre manum, to engage in conflict, 5.403; ferre pedem, to come; return, go, 2.756.

sacrum sacrī n.

a holy thing; pl., sacra, ōrum, n., sacred symbols, rites, 12.13; sacred rites, ceremonies, sacrifices, 2.132; sacred things, utensils, symbols, 2.293; mysteries, 3.112.

pater patris m.

a father, 1.60, et al.; sire, ancestor, forefather, 1.641; often for Jupiter, 1.60; applied to many of the gods, 5.241, et al; often to rivers and lakes; pl., parents, 2.579; elders, senators, fathers, chiefs, 4.682; pater Rōmānus, Augustus (or, perhaps, the Roman citizen), 9.449. (πατήρ)

concipiō concipere concēpī conceptum

to take completely; assume, 11.519; take in; conceive, 5.38; imagine, 4.502; to be possessed, filled with, 4.474; conceive, form, or express in words; form, draw up, 12.13. (com– and capiō)

foedus foederis n.

a treaty, league, alliance, freq., truce, 5.496; side or party, 12.658; covenant, contract, 4.339; laws of hospitality, hospitality, 10.91; pledge, love, 4.520; law, term, condition, rule, 1.62. (rel. to fīdō, trust)

aut; aut…aut

or, 1.70, et al.; but sometimes used indifferently with vel, ve, sive, 1.379; repeated, aut — aut, either — or, 1.396, et al.

hic haec hoc

this; he, she, it; (pl.), these, they; freq., (for meus), 9.205; (for is), 1.742; (repeated), hīc — hīc, one — another, the one — the other, this — that; (pl.), these — those, some — others; hīc — ille, the latter — the former; this — that, the one — the other; freq.

Dardanus (Dardanius) –a –um

adj. (Dardanus), Dardanian, Trojan, 5.711; subst., Dardanius, iī, m., the Dardanian; the Trojan, 12.14.

dextera dextera f.

the right hand, 1.408; valor, 10.610; faith, a pledge, 7.366.

sub

(with abl.), under, (denoting situation); beneath, under, freq.; at the foot of, 3.5; in the lower part of a thing, in, 1.453; down in, deep in, 1.36; by, close, to, 5.837; (of time), in, 4.560; (of rank or order), just behind, next after, 5.323; close to, in subjection to, subordinate to, under, 9.643; by reason of, under, 2.83; (with acc.), denoting tendency, down to, 4.243; down under, into, 4.654; down before, 6.191; near to, 5.327; in the midst of, 12.811; (of approaching the foot of some high object), up to or close to, 2.442; to or towards, 6.541; (of some object situated above or on high), up to, towards, 3.422, et al.; of time, just before or after; following after, in reply to, 5.394; coming under, subject to, under, 4.618; sub noctem, at nightfall, 1.662.

Tartarus (–os) –ī m. or Tartara –ōrum n.

the lower world, Hades; especially that portion which was set apart for the wicked; Tartarus, 5.734, et al.

mittō mittere mīsī missus

to send, freq.; dispatch, 2.115; conduct, convey; bring, present, offer, 6.380; fling, throw, cast, 4.254; (fig.), put, bring, 4.231; suggest, impart, 12.554; let go, lay aside, dismiss, 1.203; 6.85; bring to an end, end, 5.545; pass over, omit, 11.256; (pass.), mittī, be conveyed; arrive, reach, 3.440; sē mittere, descend, 9.645; to yield one's self or themselves, 12.191; sub iugum mittere, to subject, conquer, 8.148.

dēsertor –ōris m.

one who has deserted; a renegade, 12.15. (dēserō)

Asia –ae

1. Asia, a town of Lydia, near the river Cayster. 2. Asia Minor; Asia, 7.224, et al.

sedeō sedēre sēdī sessus

to sit, 1.56; sit inactive, 9.4; alight, 6.192; (fig.), to be fixed, settled, resolved, 4.15; to suit, be pleasing, 5.418; circum sedēre, to encamp about; to besiege.

spectō spectāre spectāvī spectātus

to look at, view, gaze at, 5.655; (fig.), examine, prove, try, test, approve, 8.151; estimate, 9.235; n., look on, 10.760. (speciō, look)

sōlus –a –um

alone, sole, only, 1.664, et al.; solitary, 4.82; lonely, 4.462; remote, solitary, 11.545; one only, an only, 7.52; sōlum, only.

ferrum ferrī n.

iron; an iron implement or weapon; battleax, ax, 2.55; sword, 1.350; arms; dart, arrow, 4.71; spear, javelin, 9.410; war, 10.10; iron point, 1.313; 9.633; curling iron, 12.100.

crīmen crīminis n.

an accusation, arraignment, charge, 2.98; imputation, 12.16; fault, crime, 2.65; infamy, 10.851; cause of woe, 10.183; guilty occasion, guilty instigator, 12.600; cause, 7.339. (cernō)

commūnis commūnis commūne

shared together; common, 2.573; public, 11.435.

refellō –ere –fellī

to prove that one is in error; refute, gainsay, 4.380. (re and fallō)

habeō habēre habuī habitus

to have, in the most general sense, freq.; hold, possess, 5.262; wield, use, 12.88; maintain, keep up, perpetuate; seize, inspire, possess, animate, 4.581; deem, esteem, reckon, regard, 2.102; designate, call, 12.134; hōc habet, he has got it, he is wounded, 12.296.

vincō vincere vīcī victus

a., to conquer, 1.529, et al.; slay, 10.842; overcome, overpower, overwhelm, 1.122; dispel, 1.727; win, possess, 6.148; persuade, 2.699; n., to be victorious, gain the victory, conquer, 11.712.

cēdō cēdere cessī cessum

to go, freq., go away, depart, 6.460; retire, withdraw, recede, 3.496; desist from, 9.620; give way, 7.636; abate, 9.126; draw back, 5.445; submit, yield, 2.704; fall to, come into one’s possession, 3.297; to come behind, 3.484; result, turn out; turn out well, prosper, 12.148.