NUR-100 Week 2- ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY

Vocabulary flashcards covering medical combining forms, body systems, cavities, anatomical planes, spinal divisions, and directional terms from Chabner Chapter 2.

abdomin/o

Abdomen

anter/o

Front

bronch/o

Bronchial tubes

cervic/o

Neck of the body or uterus (cervix).

chondr/o

Cartilage

coccyg/o

Coccyx (tailbone)

crani/o

Skull

epitheli/o

Epithelium (surface lining of skin and organs)

esophag/o

Esophagus

later/o

Side

lumb/o

Waist (loins)

lymph/o

Lymph

mediastin/o

Mediastinum

pelv/o

Pelvis

peritone/o

Peritoneum

phayrng/o

Pharynx (throat)

pleur/o

Pleura

poster/o

Back (behind)

radi/o

X-rays

sacr/o

Sacrum

spin/o

Spine (backbone)

thorac/o

Chest

trache/o

Trachea (windpipe)

Circulatory System

The body system responsible for transporting blood and nutrients throughout the body.

Lymphatic System

Includes lymph vessels and nodes that carry a clear fluid called lymph. lymph contains white blood cells called lymphocytes that fight against disease and play an important role in immunity.

Digestive System

The body system responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients.

Endocrine System

The body system composed of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

Reproductive System

The body system responsible for producing offspring.

Musculoskeletal System

The body system consisting of bones, muscles, cartilage, and joints that provide structure and movement.

Nervous System

The body system that transmits signals between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body.

Respiratory System

The body system responsible for breathing: the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Includes the trachea bronchial tubes and lungs.

Skin & Senses Organs System

The system comprising the integumentary organs and sensory receptors. Includes the skin and eyes and ears. receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain.

Urinary System

The body system that filters blood and creates urine as a waste byproduct.

Cranial Cavity

The body cavity that contains the brain, and other organs such as the pituitary gland located below the brain.

Thoracic Cavity

The chest cavity containing the heart and lungs.

Pleural Cavity

The space between the plural double membranes that surround the lungs.

Abdominal Cavity

The cavity containing digestive organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines.

Spinal Cavity

The cavity that contains the spinal cord.

Pelvic Cavity

The space surrounded by the hip bones containing reproductive and urinary organs and rectum/anus.

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

Sagittal (Lateral) Plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions.

Transverse (Axial) Plane

A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions.

Cervical Spine

The neck region of the spine.

Thoracic Spine

The chest region of the spine.

Lumbar Spine

The loin or waist region of the spine.

Sacrum

Sacrum or lower back.

Coccygeal

Coccyx or tailbone region of the spine.

Anterior

Front surface of the body.

Posterior

Back surface of the body.

Inferior

Below another structure or towards the feet.

Superior

Above another structure or towards the head.

Lateral

Pertaining to the side.

Medial

Pertaining to the middle or midline of the body.

Distal

Far from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

Proximal

Near the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

Deep

Away from the surface of the body.

Superficial

On or near the surface of the body.

Supine

Lying on the back, face up.

Prone

Lying on the belly, face down.