AP Chem Flaschards: bond hybridization and molecule geomtry

how many sigma bonds does a tetrahedral have

4

(think methane)

bond angle tetrahedral

109.5

trigonal pyrmidial amount of sigma bonds

3 sigma bonds and one unshared pair of electrons

(think ammonia)

bond angle trigonal pyrimdial

107

bond angle for bent molecule

104.5-105 degrees

bent angle sigma bond

2 sigma bonds

2 unshared pairs

(think water)

trigonal planar amoung of sigma bonds (plane since it’s flat)

3 sigma bonds

trigonal planar angle

120

angular

2 sigma bonds one unshared pair

bond angle angular

117

linear

2 sigma bond

180 degrees

what are polar molecules

molecules that have one side with more electrons than the rest of the atom (think lopsided)

what makes a molecule have a highe rlattic energy

smaller atomic radii greater charge = greater lattic energy

what do the amount of peaks in a photoelectron spectroscopy tell you

the amount of sublevels

what does the height of a bar in a photoelectron spectorcopy tell u

the amoung of electrons in the shell

what does the last peak in a PES tell u

the last peak shows the one with the lowest ionization energy

how to you calculate ionization energy per electron from PES

multiply ionization energy by a million joules (if ionization energy given in MJ) and divide by avagadros number

also with this the first ionization energy u will lose the peak furthest to the right if u are asked to calculate that